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The present study investigated the impact of camel whey protein (CWP) on the mechanisms of heat stress (HS)\u2010mediated testicular damage in male mice. Exposure to HS was associated with significant increase in the testicular tissues\u2019 oxidative stress. Mechanistically, exposure to HS resulted in upregulation of P53 and Nrf2 expressions; downregulation of Bcl2 and PPAR\u2010\u03b3 expressions; and induction of testicular Leydig cell hyperplasia. Because Leydig cells produce testosterone up on stimulation with Luteinizing hormone (LH), HS mice also exhibited significant reduction in the serum testosterone levels followed by significant reduction in the percentages of progressively motile sperm and higher percentages of immotile sperm, when compared with those of control mice. Interestingly, treatment of HS mice with CWP significantly restored the levels of ROS and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the testicular tissues nearly to those observed in control mice. Furthermore, CWP supplemented HS mice exhibited complete restoration of Bcl2, P53, Nrf2, and PPAR\u2010\u03b3 expressions; testicular Leydig cell distribution; significant higher levels of testosterone levels; and hence higher percentages of progressively motile sperm and lower percentages of immotile sperm as compared to HS mice. Our findings reveal the protective effects of CWP against testis injury and infertility induced by exposure to HS by rescuing functional Leydig cells. Additionally, the present study has shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying improved testicular damage following CWP treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T11:17:27Z","timestamp":1524482247000},"page":"505-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Protective effects of camel whey protein against scrotal heat\u2010mediated damage and infertility in the mouse testis through YAP\/Nrf2 and PPAR\u2010gamma signaling pathways"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6157-7319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gamal","family":"Badr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Physiology Assiut University Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanem S.","family":"Abdel\u2010Tawab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy K.","family":"Ramadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Physiology Assiut University Assiut Egypt"},{"name":"Animal Health Research Institute Assiut Branch Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samia F.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Research Institute Assiut Branch Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed H.","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition National Research Center Dokki Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0810459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000341446"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"653","article-title":"The effects of LD50 of Walterinnesia aegyptia crude venom on blood parameters of male rats","volume":"6","author":"Al\u2010Sadoon M. 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