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Estradiol levels decline sharply around the time of follicle formation. In the present study, we hypothesized that FGF10 and FGF18, which inhibit estradiol secretion from granulosa cells of antral follicles, also regulate fetal ovarian steroid production. Fetuses were collected at local abattoirs, and age determined by crown\u2010rump length measurements. Real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction assays with RNA extracted from whole ovaries revealed that the abundance of <jats:italic>CYP19A1<\/jats:italic> messenger RNA (mRNA) decreased from 60 to 90 days of gestation, which is consistent with the decline in estradiol secretion previously observed. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of FGF18 in ovigerous cords in early gestation and in oocytes later in fetal age (\u2265150 days). The abundance of <jats:italic>FGF18<\/jats:italic> mRNA increased after Day 90 gestation. Addition of recombinant FGF18 to fetal ovarian pieces inhibited estradiol and progesterone secretion in vitro, whereas FGF10 was without effect. Consistent with these results, FGF18 decreased levels of mRNA for CYP19A1 and CYP11A1 in ovarian pieces in vitro. These data suggest that FGF18 may be an intraovarian factor that regulates steroidogenesis in fetal ovaries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]],"date-time":"2019-01-09T17:11:16Z","timestamp":1547053876000},"page":"166-174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Fibroblast growth factor 18 regulates steroidogenesis in fetal bovine ovarian tissue in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Rubia Bueno","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiologia Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Estadual Paulista Botucatu S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming Y.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. 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