{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:07:03Z","timestamp":1771373223571,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]],"date-time":"2019-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Reproduction Devel"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Heat shock protein A4L (HSPA4L), which is highly expressed in the testis, is correlated with male fertility. However, the relationship between HSPA4L expression and sperm quality remains unknown. In the present study, a systematic characterization of HSPA4L expression on spermatozoa was performed. HSPA4L is highly expressed in the human testis, characterized by abundant localization in testicular spermatocytes and round spermatids. Compared with the testis from young adults (aged 27\u201336 years old), downregulated expression of HSPA4L in the testis from elderly adults (aged 78\u201382 years old) was observed. Immunofluorescence quantification demonstrated the localization of HSPA4L in the middle piece of sperm. Compared with mature spermatozoa, a similar lower intensity and localization percentage of HSPA4L in immature and asthenozoospermic spermatozoa were observed, and the consistently decreased expression of HSPA4L in immature and asthenozoospermic spermatozoa was validated by western blot analysis. Functional analysis revealed a correlation between HSPA4L and sperm motility by Spearman correlation analysis and its involvement in sperm\u2013oocyte penetration by the human sperm\u2013hamster egg penetration test. The current study demonstrates that HSPA4L is a promising marker for the assessment of sperm quality and provides clues for exploring biomarkers for the molecular diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,14]],"date-time":"2019-01-14T03:05:33Z","timestamp":1547435133000},"page":"379-386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Decreased expression of heat shock protein A4L in spermatozoa is positively related to poor human sperm quality"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1991-4473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"XueXia","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FuJun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellbi.2008.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_4_1","first-page":"pp. 66","volume-title":"Andrologie. 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