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The function of GKAP1 in the testis is largely unknown. Here, we revealed that deletion of GKAP1 led to an increase in sperm production with swollen epididymis, and germ cell apoptosis was found to decrease in GKAP1 knock\u2010out mice. Further investigations showed that a deficiency of GKAP1 could partly change the cellular location of cGK\u2010I\u03b1 and increase the amount of active cAMP response element\u2010binding protein (CREB) in the nucleus. Therefore, the expression of a particular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) was upregulated because of the activation of CREB, and this increase in IAPs was associated with a decrease in the level of activated caspase\u20103. These results suggest that a deficiency of GKAP1 in mouse testis could increase sperm production through a reduction of the spontaneous apoptosis of germ cells in the testis, possibly because of a change in the activity of the cGK\u2010I\u03b1 pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T11:05:20Z","timestamp":1563447920000},"page":"1199-1209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Functional role of GKAP1 in the regulation of male germ cell spontaneous apoptosis and sperm number"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9996-5114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanshu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Peace Maternity &amp; Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Key laboratory for Embryo\u2010Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine 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