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On the basis of the developmental origins of health and disease concept, we hypothesize that gestational low caloric intake may induce maternal subclinical hyperandrogenism during early pregnancy and compromise cardiovascular health and fertility in the female offspring. To examine this possibility, a literature search for human and animal studies was conducted using two electronic databases, PubMed and Cochrane until April 2019 to address the following questions: (a) Do androgens have a developmental role in cardiovascular and ovarian development? (b) Is excess maternal testosterone linked to cardiovascular disease and infertility? and (c) Could early pregnancy undernutrition enhance maternal androgen production and compromise health and fertility in female offspring? The observations reviewed, establish a potential causative link between maternal undernutrition and subclinical hyperandrogenism with hypertension and reduced ovarian reserve in the progeny. Further studies in appropriate models are needed to better understand whether low energy intake and subclinical maternal hyperandrogenism during early pregnancy can negatively affect the health of the female offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]],"date-time":"2019-07-26T05:04:34Z","timestamp":1564117474000},"page":"1255-1264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Undernutrition and hyperandrogenism during pregnancy: Role in programming of cardiovascular disease and infertility"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Mossa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Sassari  Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1206-9059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith E.","family":"Latham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"Ireland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Almudena","family":"Veiga\u2010Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12211"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174414000051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-16-0152"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31825b4fe2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91224-A"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_1_7_1","first-page":"260","article-title":"Markedly elevated serum testosterone in pregnancy without fetal virilization","volume":"63","author":"Berger N. 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