{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T18:45:02Z","timestamp":1782413102255,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Reproduction Devel"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have previously shown that members of the family of testis\u2010specific serine\/threonine kinases (TSSKs) are post\u2010meiotically expressed in testicular germ cells and in mature sperm in mammals. The restricted post\u2010meiotic expression of TSSKs as well as the importance of phosphorylation in signaling processes strongly suggest that TSSKs have an important role in germ cell differentiation and\/or sperm function. This prediction has been supported by the reported sterile phenotype of the TSSK6 knock\u2010out (KO) mice and of the double TSSK1\/TSSK2 KO. The aim of this study was to develop KO mouse models of TSSK3 and to validate this kinase as a target for the development of a male contraceptive. We used CRISPR\/Cas9 technology to generate the TSSK3 KO allele on B6D2F1 background mice. Male heterozygous pups were used to establish three independent TSSK3 KO lines. After natural mating of TSSK3 KO males, females that presented a plug (indicative of mating) were monitored for the following 24 days and no pregnancies or pups were found. Sperm numbers were drastically reduced in all three KO lines and, remarkably, round spermatids were detected in the cauda epididymis of KO mice. From the small population of sperm recovered, severe morphology defects were detected. Our results indicate an essential role of TSSK3 in spermiogenesis and support this kinase as a suitable candidate for the development of novel nonhormonal male contraceptives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T06:19:04Z","timestamp":1633846744000},"page":"718-730","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["TSSK3, a novel target for male contraception, is required for spermiogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Saman","family":"Nayyab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary &amp; Animal Sciences University of Massachusetts\u2010Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program University of Massachusetts\u2010Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda G.","family":"Gervasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary &amp; Animal Sciences University of Massachusetts\u2010Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darya A.","family":"Tourzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary &amp; Animal Sciences University of Massachusetts\u2010Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Biotechnology Training Program University of Massachusetts\u2010Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego A.","family":"Caraballo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda, Gen\u00e9tica y Evoluci\u00f3n (IEGEBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kula N.","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biotechnology Review and Research IV, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research U.S. Food and Drug Administration Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria E.","family":"Teves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7281-3471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary &amp; 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