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Female fingerlings exposed to long days (LD) exhibited a hormonal crescendo, with upregulated hypothalamic\u2010pituitary\u2010ovarian (HPO) axis genes (<jats:italic>kiss1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>kiss1r<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>kiss2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>gnrh2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>gnrh3<\/jats:italic>) and their downstream targets (<jats:italic>lhr<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>fshr<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ar1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>esr1<\/jats:italic>). However, the expression of the melatonin receptor (<jats:italic>mtnr1a<\/jats:italic>) diminished in LD, suggesting a potential inhibitory role. This hormonal symphony was further amplified by increased activity of key transcriptional regulators (<jats:italic>gata1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>gata2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>cdx1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>sp1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>n\u2010myc<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>hoxc8<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>plc<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>tac3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>tacr3<\/jats:italic>) and decreased expression of delayed puberty genes (<jats:italic>mkrn1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>dlk1<\/jats:italic>). In contrast, short days (SD) muted this hormonal chorus, with decreased <jats:italic>gnrh<\/jats:italic> gene and regulator expression, elevated <jats:italic>mtnr1a<\/jats:italic>, and suppressed gonadal development. In in\u2010vitro, estradiol mimicked the LD effect, boosting <jats:italic>gnrh<\/jats:italic> and regulator genes while dampening <jats:italic>mtnr1a<\/jats:italic> and melatonin\u2010responsive genes. Conversely, melatonin acted as a conductor, downregulating <jats:italic>gnrh<\/jats:italic> and regulator genes and amplifying <jats:italic>mtnr1a<\/jats:italic>. Our findings illuminate the crucial roles of melatonin and kisspeptin as opposing forces in regulating pubertal timing. LD\u2010induced melatonin suppression allows the kisspeptin symphony to flourish, triggering GnRH release and, ultimately, gonadal maturation. This delicate dance between photoperiod, melatonin, and kisspeptin orchestrates common carp's transition from juvenile to reproductive life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T09:30:07Z","timestamp":1716802207000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Decoding the effect of photoperiodic cues in transducing kisspeptin\u2010melatonin circuit during the pubertal onset in common carp"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9397-5903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nehareeka","family":"Dan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TREE Lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science Navrachana University Vadodara India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1706-0840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harsh","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TREE Lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science Navrachana University Vadodara India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6584-478X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Himadri","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TREE Lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science Navrachana University Vadodara India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6072-3438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Ladumor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TREE Lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science Navrachana University Vadodara India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2487-4829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ankita","family":"Salunke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2326-0994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. 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