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Despite the apparent clinical heterogeneity in aged individuals with DS, age\u2010associated neuropathology is a consistent feature. This is due to the fact that trisomy 21 leads to a dose\u2010dependent increase in the production of the amyloid precursor protein and subsequently the production of the amyloidogenic fragments leading to early and predominant senile plaque formation. A review of the existing literature indicates that oxidative damage and neuroinflammation may interact to accelerate the disease process particularly in individuals with DS over the age of 40 years. By combining clinical information with measures of brain\u2010region specific neuropathology we can \u201cwork backwards\u201d and identify the earliest and most sensitive clinical change that may signal the onset of AD. For the past 50 years, investigators in the fields of mental retardation, developmental disabilities, and aging have been interested in the curious link between AD and DS. The morphologic and biochemical origins of AD are seen in the early years of the lifespan for individuals with DS. Study of the process by which AD evolves in DS affords an opportunity to understand an important link between development and aging. This review will focus on advances in the molecular and clinical basis of this association. MRDD Research Reviews 2001;7:172\u2013178. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.1025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T19:56:46Z","timestamp":1030305406000},"page":"172-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: A link between development and aging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ira T.","family":"Lott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Head","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0387-7604(97)00559-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.1994.0017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.1997.tb00692.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2000.7359"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"338","article-title":"Cas d'idiotie mongolienne adulte avec nombrueses plaues seniles et concretions calcarires pallidales","volume":"78","author":"Bertrand I","year":"1946","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/0895-8017(1998)103<0130:DIAWDS>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"403","article-title":"Staging of Alz\u2010 heimer\u2010related cortical destruction","volume":"33","author":"Braak H","year":"1993","journal-title":"Review in Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64538-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(96)00117-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(86)90074-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199711100-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-199821001-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-5846(86)90010-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199611250-00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199009000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.176.5.468"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-8777(98)00042-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2000.00055.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1166(200001)15:1<50::AID-GPS75>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1999.7058"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Dementia for Down syndrome. 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