{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T04:21:42Z","timestamp":1771561302531,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,21]],"date-time":"2003-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1043107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 45 male Sprague\u2010Dawley rats were employed to determine whether cocaine or cocaine methiodide (CM) administration can induce a significant increase in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in rats, and whether such an increase in MABP can produce a global increase in blood oxygenation level\u2010dependent (BOLD) contrast in the rat brain detectable by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Cocaine methiodide is a quaternary derivative of cocaine that shares the same cardiovascular effects of cocaine, but does not penetrate the blood\u2010brain barrier (BBB). Experimental results demonstrated that both CM (with doses of 2.5 and 7.5 mg\/kg) and cocaine (with doses of 1.25 and 5.0 mg\/kg) can induce a significant MABP change (30\u201380%). It was found that CM can only produce scattered, weak, and transient BOLD signals in a few voxels of the rat brain, and that these MABP\u2010induced BOLD signals are not dose\u2010dependent. In contrast, the administration of cocaine induced dose\u2010dependent biphasic BOLD signals that were consistent with pharmacologically\u2010induced cerebral vascular constriction and neuronal activity in the mesolimbic systems of the rat brain. The potential confounding factor of the MABP changes had little effect on the interpretation of drug\u2010induced BOLD signal changes. These results confirm that the BOLD\u2010weighted fMRI method can be extended to map drug\u2010induced neuronal activity. Magn Reson Med 49:264\u2013270, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,23]],"date-time":"2003-01-23T14:00:57Z","timestamp":1043330457000},"page":"264-270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Characterization of effects of mean arterial blood pressure induced by cocaine and cocaine methiodide on BOLD signals in rat brain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaohong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shi\u2010Jiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80374-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.8.1009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(97)00140-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910380306"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1999.0520"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200004070-00036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.5.376"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199807000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(200001)43:1<45::AID-MRM6>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199901000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-547620-1.50007-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/7.4.308"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)8:4<235::AID-HBM7>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Modern pharmacology","author":"Gwilt PR","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.11.1789"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012743170-3.50014-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.1.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1992.77.1.0015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2594(200008)44:2<231::AID-MRM10>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","first-page":"734","article-title":"Cardiovascular responses to cocaine are initially mediated by the central nervous system in rats","volume":"263","author":"Knuepfer MM","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"568","article-title":"The effects of cocaine HCL and a quaternary derivative of cocaine, cocaine methiodide, on isolated guinea\u2010pig and rat atria","volume":"205","author":"Tessel RE","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","first-page":"110","article-title":"The importance of neuronal uptake of amines for amphetamine\u2010induced release of 3H\u2010norepinephrine from isolated brain tissue","volume":"189","author":"Azzaro AJ","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"147","article-title":"Factors determining whether cocaine will potentiate the cardiac effects of neurally released norepinephrine","volume":"252","author":"Jain RK","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","first-page":"466","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of cocaine in conscious dogs: importance of fully functional autonomic and central nervous systems","volume":"246","author":"Wilkerson RD","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"602","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of cocaine in conscious rats: relative significance of central sympathetic stimulation and peripheral neuronal monoamine uptake and release mechanisms","volume":"262","author":"Tella SR","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(98)00163-4"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.10366","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T22:34:38Z","timestamp":1697236478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mrm.10366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,22]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mrm.10366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.10366","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-3194","1522-2594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-3194","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-05-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2002-09-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-01-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}