{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T05:55:25Z","timestamp":1768974925833,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,2]],"date-time":"2001-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1001980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["T32 CA09630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 CA09630"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quantitative, multislice proton MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) was used to investigate regional metabolite levels and ratios in the normal adult human posterior fossa. Six normal volunteers (36 \u00b1 3 years, five male, one female) were scanned on a 1.5 T scanner using multislice MRSI at long echo time (TE 280 msec). The entire cerebellum was covered using three oblique\u2010axial slice locations, which also included the pons, mid\u2010brain, insular cortex, and parieto\u2010occipital lobe. Concentrations of N\u2010acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and creatine (Cr) were estimated using the phantom replacement technique. Regional variations of the concentrations were assessed using ANOVA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). High\u2010resolution MRSI data was obtained in all subjects and brain regions examined. Metabolite concentrations (mM) (mean \u00b1 SD) were as follows: cerebellar vermis: 2.3 \u00b1 0.4, 8.8 \u00b1 1.7 and 7.6 \u00b1 1.0 for Cho, Cr, and NAA respectively; cerebellar hemisphere: 2.2 \u00b1 0.6, 8.9 \u00b1 2.1, 7.5 \u00b1 0.8; pons 2.2 \u00b1 0.5, 4.3 \u00b1 1.1, 8.3 \u00b1 0.9; insular cortex, 1.8 \u00b1 0.5, 7.8 \u00b1 2, 8.0 \u00b1 1.1, parieto\u2010occipital gray matter, 1.3 \u00b1 0.3, 5.7 \u00b1 1.1, 7.2 \u00b1 0.9, and occipital white matter, 1.4 \u00b1 0.3, 5.3 \u00b1 1.3, 7.5 \u00b1 0.8. Consistent with previous reports, significantly higher levels of Cr were found in the cerebellum compared to parieto\u2010occipital gray and occipital white matter, and pons (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). NAA was essentially uniformly distributed within the regions chosen for analysis, with the highest level in the pons (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.04). Cho was significantly higher in the cerebellum and pons than parieto\u2010occipital gray and occipital white matter (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.002) and was also higher in the pons than in the insular cortex (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Quantitative multislice MRSI of the posterior fossa is feasible and significant regional differences in metabolite concentrations were found. Magn Reson Med 46:699\u2013705, 2001. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,28]],"date-time":"2004-10-28T20:37:03Z","timestamp":1098995823000},"page":"699-705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Quantitative proton MR spectroscopic imaging of normal human cerebellum and brain stem"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alena","family":"Horsk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter C.M.","family":"van Zijl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter B.","family":"Barker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"191","article-title":"Clinical applications of magnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"10","author":"Ross B","year":"1994","journal-title":"Magn Reson Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390111"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","unstructured":"YangB WangY PioroE NgTC.Metabolite concentrations of pons medula motor cortex in normal human brain using 2D CSI. 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