{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:21:29Z","timestamp":1791346889985,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]],"date-time":"2005-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6001,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010resolution proton NMR spectra of normal human brain <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> have been obtained from selected 27\u2010 and 64\u2010ml volumes\u2010of\u2010interest (VOI) localized in the insular area, the occipital area, the thalamus, and the cerebellum of normal volunteers. Localization was achieved by stimulated echo (STEAM) sequences using a conventional 1.5\u2010T whole\u2010body MRI system (Siemens Magnetom). The proton NMR spectra show resonances from lipids, lactate, acetate, Nacetylaspartate (NAA), \u03b3\u2010aminobutyrate, glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, creatine and phosphocreatine, choline\u2010containing compounds, taurine, and inositols. While <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> relaxation times of most of these metabolites were about 1100\u20131700 ms without significant regional differences, their <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> relaxation times varied between 100 and 500 ms. The longest <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values of about (500 \u00b1 50) ms were observed for the methyl protons of NAA in the white matter of the occipital lobe compared to (320 \u00b1 30) ms in the other parts of the brain. No significant regional <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> differences were found for choline and creatine methyl resonances. The relative concentrations of NAA in gray and white matter were found to be 35% higher than those in the thalamus and cerebellum. Assuming a concentration of 10 m<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic> for total creatine the resulting NAA concentrations of 13\u201318 m<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>are by a factor of 2\u20133 higher than previously reported using analytical techniques. Cerebral lactate reached a maximum concentration of about 1.0 m<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 1989 Academic Press, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910110105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T09:47:27Z","timestamp":1173088047000},"page":"47-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":429,"title":["Localized proton NMR spectroscopy in different regions of the human brain <i>in vivo.<\/i> Relaxation times and concentrations of cerebral metabolites"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Frahm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Bruhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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