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The 3D STAR sequence was evaluated on 17 healthy individuals, 3 potential renal donors, and 2 patients with suspected renovascular hypertension. An inversion tag through the aorta was applied to produce the vascular contrast. After a suitable inflow time, 16 to 64 sections were encoded. An additional presaturation pulse applied over the imaging volume prior to tagging permitted improved background suppression by reducing signal variations from involuntary motion and changes in the cardiac period during breath\u2010holding. Intrarenal branches were observed consistently in all healthy individuals. Longer inflow times provided better depiction of the intrarenal vessels while shorter delays delineated the proximal renal branches with better signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio. Breath\u2010hold and diastolic data collection reduced both blurring and flow related dephasing. Our results demonstrate excellent visualization of the renal arteries to the level of intrarenal branch vessels using the proposed technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910330319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T18:38:53Z","timestamp":1173119933000},"page":"432-438","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Breath\u2010Hold 3D STAR MR Angiography of the Renal Arteries Using Segmented Echo Planar Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Piotr A.","family":"Wielopolski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Adamis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pottumarthi","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Gaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Edelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910090117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"457","article-title":"Three\u2010dimensional phase\u2010contrast MR angiography in the head and neck: preliminary report","volume":"11","author":"Pernicone J. 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