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PEPSI images (nominal voxel size: 1.125 cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) in five healthy subjects from an axial section approximately 20 mm inferior to the intercommissural line were obtained during an 8.5\u2010min baseline period of normocapnia and during the final 8.5 min of a 10\u2010min period of capnometry\u2010controlled hyperventilation (end\u2010tidal PCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of 20 mmHg). The lactate\/N\u2010acetyl aspartate signal increased significantly from baseline during hyperventilation for the insular cortex, temporal cortex, and occipital regions of both the right and left hemispheres, but not in the basal ganglia. Regional or hemispheric right\u2010to\u2010left differences were not found. The study extends previous work using single\u2010voxel MR spectroscopy to dynamically study hyperventilation effects on brain metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910370609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,13]],"date-time":"2007-03-13T18:58:00Z","timestamp":1173812280000},"page":"858-865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["In vivo measurement of regional brain metabolic response to hyperventilation using magnetic resonance: Proton echo planar spectroscopic imaging (PEPSI)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Posse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen R.","family":"Dager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd L.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Ogg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan A.","family":"Artru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans\u2010Wilhelm","family":"M\u00fcller\u2010G\u00e4rtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecil","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910010308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910020507"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00295a050"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2364(85)90047-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910050306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2364(86)90385-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910120108"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910100213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910120303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2364(89)90228-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910330106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.192.3.8058941"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910330402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.189.3.8234726"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1994.1048"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.12.1681"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910100204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.5.666"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1940010103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910070405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910110105"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.6.1821"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910330215"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","first-page":"1255","article-title":"Symptomatik und behandlung des hyperventilations syndroms","volume":"113","author":"Belmer H.","year":"1971","journal-title":"M\u00fcnch. 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