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The purpose of the present study was to measure the concentration of metabolites in the rat brain in vivo under pentobarbital anesthesia using <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H MRS. Resonances of PG, but not ethanol, were observed in the rat brain. Chemical shifts and <jats:italic>J<\/jats:italic>\u2010coupling constants for PG were measured at 37\u00b0C and pH 7.1 and used for spectral simulation. Inclusion of the simulated PG spectrum in the basis set for LCModel analysis enabled accurate fitting of in vivo spectra. This work demonstrates that concentration of brain metabolites can be reliably measured using <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H spectroscopy under pentobarbital anesthesia. The chemical shifts and <jats:italic>J<\/jats:italic>\u2010coupling values reported here can be used to simulate the spectrum of PG at any field strength, with various pulse sequences. 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