{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T14:34:29Z","timestamp":1793975669531,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]],"date-time":"2009-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1248134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Relating brain tissue properties to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is limited when an image voxel contains partial volume of brain tissue with free water, such as cerebrospinal fluid or edema, rendering the DTI indices no longer useful for describing the underlying tissue properties. We propose here a method for separating diffusion properties of brain tissue from surrounding free water while mapping the free water volume. This is achieved by fitting a bi\u2010tensor model for which a mathematical framework is introduced to stabilize the fitting. Applying the method on datasets from a healthy subject and a patient with edema yielded corrected DTI indices and a more complete tract reconstruction that passed next to the ventricles and through the edema. We were able to segment the edema into areas according to the condition of the underlying tissue. In addition, the volume of free water is suggested as a new quantitative contrast of diffusion MRI. The findings suggest that free water is not limited to the borders of the brain parenchyma; it therefore contributes to the architecture surrounding neuronal bundles and may indicate specific anatomical processes. The analysis requires a conventional DTI acquisition and can be easily merged with existing DTI pipelines. Magn Reson Med, 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]],"date-time":"2009-07-21T14:31:48Z","timestamp":1248186708000},"page":"717-730","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1138,"title":["Free water elimination and mapping from diffusion MRI"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Ofer","family":"Pasternak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nir","family":"Sochen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaniv","family":"Gur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Intrator","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaniv","family":"Assaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1695690"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(94)80775-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1996.0086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-007-0029-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.781"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","first-page":"133","article-title":"Brain edema: a classification based on blood\u2010brain barrier integrity","volume":"1","author":"Betz AL","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.05.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.06.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910360612"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.201.3.8939209"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10204"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_2","first-page":"591","article-title":"FLAIR diffusion\u2010tensor MR tractography: comparison of fiber tracking with conventional imaging","volume":"26","author":"Chou MC","year":"2005","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_2","first-page":"2267","article-title":"Diffusion tensor tractography of the limbic system","volume":"26","author":"Concha L","year":"2005","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_2","first-page":"952","article-title":"Mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy histograms of patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Cercignani M","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_2","unstructured":"PierpaoliC MarencoS RohdeG JonesDK BarnettAS.Analyzing the contribution of cardiac pulsation to the variability of quantities derived from the diffusion tensor. In: Proc 11th Annual Meeting ISMRM Toronto;2003:70."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_2","unstructured":"PierpaoliC JonesDK.Removing CSF contamination in brain DT\u2010MRIs by using a two\u2010compartment tensor model. In: Proc 12th Annual Meeting ISMRM Kyoto;2004:1215."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10609"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2006.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910390610"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020870207168"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2003.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_2","volume-title":"Visualization and processing of tensor fields","author":"Pasternak O","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_2","article-title":"GL(n)\u2010invariant framework for tensors regularization","author":"Gur Y","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vis"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-63167-4_54"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-005-3222-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/b97428"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(199909)42:3<526::AID-MRM15>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_2","first-page":"1717","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging in hydrocephalus: initial experience","volume":"27","author":"Assaf Y","year":"2006","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.03.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21456"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00375127"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_2","volume-title":"Anisotropic diffusion in image processing","author":"Weickert J","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-31272-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2008.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(199909)42:3<515::AID-MRM14>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2007.906787"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.8.1897"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2594(200012)44:6<852::AID-MRM5>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.778"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21577"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00758-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0266-5611\/19\/5\/303"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21277"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_2","first-page":"1075","volume-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems","author":"Pasternak O","year":"2006"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmrm.22055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.22055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T16:50:41Z","timestamp":1696870241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mrm.22055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mrm.22055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.22055","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-3194","1522-2594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-3194","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-12-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-03-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-07-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}