{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:07:27Z","timestamp":1791821247937,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,28]],"date-time":"2013-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Oesterreichische National Bank"},{"name":"Anniversary Fund","award":["14601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14601"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance relaxation times of most tissues are expected to depend on temperature, which can impact findings in postmortem magnetic resonance imaging or when using magnetic resonance imaging for relaxation\u2010based thermometry. The purpose of this study was to investigate the exact temperature dependency of the relaxation times <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>*, and the magnetization transfer ratio in different structures of the human brain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To prevent fixation and autolysis effects, this study was performed with fresh postmortem brain tissues. Following autopsy, coronal brain slices from five deceased subjects were subjected to relaxometry at 3T in a temperature range between 4\u00b0C and 37\u00b0C. Heating of the tissue was achieved by flushing the vacuum packed brain slices with water at a predefined temperature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> showed a linear dependency on temperature with the highest temperature coefficient in the cortex (17.4 ms\/\u00b0C) and the lowest in the white matter (3.4 ms\/\u00b0C). <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> did not depend on temperature. <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* and magnetization transfer ratio scaled with temperature only in deep gray matter.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The temperature coefficient for <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> is higher than expected from previous reports and varies across brain structures. The coefficients obtained in this study can serve as reference for thermometry or for correcting quantitative postmortem magnetic resonance imaging. <jats:bold>Magn Reson Med 71:1575\u20131580, 2014. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,29]],"date-time":"2013-05-29T03:24:08Z","timestamp":1369797848000},"page":"1575-1580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Temperature\u2010induced changes of magnetic resonance relaxation times in the human brain: A postmortem study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Christoph","family":"Birkl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Graz  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Langkammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Graz  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Haybaeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropathology Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Ernst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropathology Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Stollberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Engineering Graz University of Technology  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz","family":"Fazekas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Graz  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Ropele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Graz  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.595535"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"Temperature dependence of proton relaxation times in vitro","volume":"5","author":"Nelson T","year":"1987","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20962"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0730-725X(03)00070-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02656731003596242"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21265"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Relaxation effects in nuclear magnetic resonance absorption","author":"Bloembergen N","year":"1948","journal-title":"Phys Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"YoungIR HandJW OatridgeA PriorMV.Modeling and observation of temperature changes in vivo using MRI. 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