{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T22:02:06Z","timestamp":1790287326277,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,28]],"date-time":"2016-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006306","name":"Sigrid Jus\u00e9liuksen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003125","name":"Suomen Kulttuurirahasto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate different fitting methods for intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging of prostate cancer in the terms of repeatability and Gleason score prediction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty\u2010one patients with histologically confirmed prostate cancer underwent two repeated 3 Tesla diffusion\u2010weighted imaging (DWI) examinations performed using 14 b\u2010values in the range of 0\u2013500 s\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and diffusion time of 19.004 ms. Mean signal intensities of regions\u2010of\u2010interest were fitted using five different fitting methods for IVIM as well as monoexponential, kurtosis, and stretched exponential models. The fitting methods and models were evaluated in the terms of fitting quality [Akaike information criteria (AIC)], repeatability, and Gleason score prediction. Tumors were classified into three groups (3\u2009+\u20093, 3\u2009+\u20094,\u2009&gt;\u20093\u2009+\u20094). Machine learning algorithms were used to evaluate the performance of the combined use of the parameters. Simulation studies were performed to evaluate robustness of the fitting methods against noise.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Monoexponential model was preferred over IVIM based on AIC. The \u201cpseudodiffusion\u201d parameters demonstrated low repeatability and clinical value. Median \u201cpseudodiffusion\u201d fraction values were below 8.00%. Combined use of the parameters did not outperform the monoexponential model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Monoexponential model demonstrated the highest repeatability and clinical values in the regions\u2010of\u2010interest based analysis of prostate cancer DWI, b\u2010values in the range of 0\u2013500 s\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. Magn Reson Med 77:1249\u20131264, 2017. \u00a9 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]],"date-time":"2016-02-29T05:06:56Z","timestamp":1456722416000},"page":"1249-1264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Fitting methods for intravoxel incoherent motion imaging of prostate cancer on region of interest level: Repeatability and gleason score prediction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Harri","family":"Merisaari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Turku PET Centre University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parisa","family":"Movahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Information Technology University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ileana M.","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Information Technology University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jussi","family":"Toivonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Information Technology University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marko","family":"Pesola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Taimen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Turku and Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Bostr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tapio","family":"Pahikkala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"Kiviniemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannu J.","family":"Aronen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Jambor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Turku PET Centre University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Information Technology University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.168.2.3393671"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910270116"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910160313"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/52\/7\/R02"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2493081301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25484"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20508"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10581"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21453"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e31826bdbbd"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1793"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2493080080"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910230113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21208"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25323"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25482"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000173646.99337.b1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1328"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24277"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(199911)42:5<952::AID-MRM16>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"SENSE: sensitivity encoding for fast MRI","volume":"42","author":"KP Pruessmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","unstructured":"M\u00e4dlerB CoenenVA.Performance evaluation of various numerical algorithms for a multi\u2010compartmental IVIM\u2010model. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual Meeting of ISMRM Salt Lake City Utah USA 2013. Abstract 3193."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","unstructured":"M\u00e4dlerB HadizadehDR GiesekeJ.Assessment of a continuous multi\u2010compartmental intra\u2010voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model for the human brain. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual Meeting of ISMRM Salt Lake City Utah USA 2013. Abstract 1150."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","unstructured":"M\u00e4dlerB GiesekeJ.Semi\u2010continuous regularized multi\u2010exponential fitting model for diffusion weighted imaging of the liver. In Proceedings of the Joint Annual Meeting ISMRM\u2010ESMRMB in Milan Italy 2014. Abstract 2257."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","volume-title":"Solving least squares problems","author":"Lawson CL","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","unstructured":"JonesE OliphantT PetersonP et al.SciPy: open source scientific tools for python 2001.http:\/\/www.scipy.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","unstructured":"YuanQ Costa1DN S\u00e9n\u00e9ganJ XiY WiethoffAJ LenkinskiRE PedrosaI.Simplified intravoxel incoherent motion model for diffusion weighted imaging in prostate cancer evaluation: comparison with monoexponential and biexponential models. In Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Meeting of ISMRM Toronto Canada 2015. Abstract 3019."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2005.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21164"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.74.184430"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","first-page":"267","volume-title":"Second international symposium on information theory","author":"Akaike H","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029900800204"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-009-1469-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.2.420"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.10.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-77"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.148.3.6878708"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csda.2010.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit\u2010learn: machine learning in python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa F","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25808"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000115"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10578"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22960"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0706784"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/95.12.868"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22826"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmrm.26169","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmrm.26169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.26169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T11:00:19Z","timestamp":1696330819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mrm.26169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,28]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mrm.26169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.26169","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-3194","1522-2594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-3194","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-09-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-01-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-02-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}