{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T04:23:49Z","timestamp":1787459029828,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,25]],"date-time":"2016-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Phoenix Friends of the Arizona Cancer Center"},{"name":"the Better Than Ever Program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01CA169774"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA169774"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>We proposed to detect the in vivo enzyme activity of \u03b3\u2010glutamyl transferase (GGT) within mouse models of human ovarian cancers using catalyCEST MRI with a diamagnetic CEST agent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A CEST\u2010FISP MRI protocol and a diamagnetic CEST agent were developed to detect GGT enzyme activity in biochemical solution. A quantitative Michaelis\u2010Menten enzyme kinetics study was performed to confirm that catalyCEST MRI can measure enzyme activity. In vivo catalyCEST MRI studies generated pixel\u2010wise activity maps of GGT activities. Ex vivo fluorescence imaging was performed for validation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>CatalyCEST MRI selectively detected two CEST signals from a single CEST agent, whereby one CEST signal was responsive to GGT enzyme activity and the other CEST signal was an unresponsive control signal. The comparison of these CEST signals facilitated in vivo catalyCEST MRI studies that detected high GGT activity in OVCAR\u20108 tumors, low GGT activity in OVCAR\u20103 tumors, and low or no GGT activity in muscle tissues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CatalyCEST MRI with a diamagnetic CEST agent can detect the level of GGT enzyme activity within in vivo tumor models of human ovarian cancers. Magn Reson Med 77:2005\u20132014, 2017. \u00a9 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,25]],"date-time":"2016-05-25T11:31:47Z","timestamp":1464175907000},"page":"2005-2014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Noninvasive detection of enzyme activity in tumor models of human ovarian cancer using catalyCEST MRI"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Sanhita","family":"Sinharay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward A.","family":"Randtke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 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