{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T02:03:03Z","timestamp":1769047383777,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,30]],"date-time":"2017-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5RO1\u2010AR\u2010053343\u201008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5RO1\u2010AR\u2010053343\u201008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study explores changes in strain rate (SR) (rate of regional deformation) parameters extracted from velocity\u2010encoded MRI and their relationship to muscle force loss following 4\u2010week unilateral lower limb suspension in healthy humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two\u2010dimensional SR maps were derived from three directional velocity\u2010encoded MR phase\u2010contrast images of the medial gastrocnemius in seven subjects. Atrophy\u2010related and regional differences in the SR eigenvalues, angle between the SR and muscle fiber (SR\u2010fiber angle), and strain rates in the fiber basis were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and linear regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During isometric contraction, SR in the fiber cross section (SR<jats:sub>in\u2010plane<\/jats:sub>) was significantly lower, and the SR\u2010fiber angle was significantly higher postsuspension (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). On multiple variable regression analysis, the volume of medial gastrocnemius, SR<jats:sub>in\u2010plane<\/jats:sub>, and SR\u2010fiber angle were significantly associated with force and changes in the, and the SR eigenvalues and shear SR were significantly associated with change in force with disuse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Changes in SR\u2010fiber angle, SR<jats:sub>in\u2010plane<\/jats:sub>, and shear SR as well as their ability to predict force and force changes may reflect the role of remodeling of the extracellular matrix in disuse atrophy and its functional consequence in reducing lateral transmission of force. Magn Reson Med 79:912\u2013922, 2018. \u00a9 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,31]],"date-time":"2017-05-31T04:12:50Z","timestamp":1496203970000},"page":"912-922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Relationship of changes in strain rate indices estimated from velocity\u2010encoded <scp>MR<\/scp> imaging to loss of muscle force following disuse atrophy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Vadim","family":"Malis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Imaging and Modeling Lab, Department of Radiology University of California San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Physics, University of California San Diego California 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