{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:05:01Z","timestamp":1791824701134,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]],"date-time":"2017-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Philips Healthcare"},{"name":"Skope Magnetic Resonance Technologies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"Purpose<\/jats:title>MRI of tissues with short coherence lifetimes T2<\/jats:sub> or \n can be performed efficiently using zero echo time (ZTE) techniques such as algebraic ZTE, pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA), and water\u2010 and fat\u2010suppressed proton projection MRI (WASPI). They share the principal challenge of recovering data in central k\u2010space missed due to an initial radiofrequency dead time. The purpose of this study was to compare the three techniques directly, with a particular focus on their behavior in the presence of ultra\u2013short\u2010lived spins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The most direct comparison was enabled by aligning acquisition and reconstruction strategies of the three techniques. Image quality and short\u2010\n performance were investigated using point spread functions, 3D simulations, and imaging of phantom and bone samples with short (<1 ms) and ultra\u2010short (<100\u2009\u03bcs) \n.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Algebraic ZTE offers favorable properties but is limited to k\u2010space gaps up to approximately three Nyquist dwells. At larger gaps, PETRA enables robust imaging with little compromise in image quality, whereas WASPI may be prone to artifacts from ultra\u2010short \n species.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>For small k\u2010space gaps (<4 dwells) and \n much larger than the dead time, all techniques enable artifact\u2010free short\u2010\n MRI. However, if these requirements are not fulfilled careful consideration is needed and PETRA will generally achieve better image quality. 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