{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:49:50Z","timestamp":1790819390241,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,13]],"date-time":"2017-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1\u2010R01NS087568A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1\u2010R01NS087568A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP3\u2010DK112227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP3\u2010DK112227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AA021984"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AA021984"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in combination with infusion of <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C\u2010labeled substrates has led to unique insights into human brain metabolism and neurotransmitter cycling. However, the low sensitivity of direct <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C MRS and high radiofrequency power requirements has limited <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C MRS studies to predominantly data acquisition in large volumes of the occipital cortex. The purpose of this study is to develop an MRS technique for localized detection of <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C\u2010labeling of glutamate and glutamine in the human frontal lobe.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used an indirect (<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H\u2010[<jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C]), proton\u2010observed, carbon\u2010edited MRS sequence (selPOCE) for detection of <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C\u2010labeled metabolites in relatively small volumes located in the frontal lobe at 4\u2009T. The SelPOCE method allows for selective and separate detection of glutamate and glutamine resonances, which significantly overlap at magnetic field strengths used for clinical MRI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Phantom data illustrate how selPOCE can be tuned to selectively detect <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C labeling in different metabolites. Three\u2010dimensional specific absorption rate simulations of radiofrequency power deposition show that the selPOCE method operates comfortably within the global and local Food and Drug Administration specific absorption rate guidelines. In vivo selPOCE data are presented, which were acquired from a 45\u2010mL volume in the frontal lobe of healthy subjects. The in vivo data show the time\u2010dependent <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C\u2010labeling of glutamate and glutamine during intravenous infusion of [1\u2010<jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C]\u2010glucose. Metrics describing spectral fitting quality of the glutamate and glutamine resonances are reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The SelPOCE sequence allows the detection of <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C\u2010labeling in glutamate and glutamine from a relatively small volume in the human frontal lobe at low radiofrequency power requirements. Magn Reson Med 80:11\u201320, 2018. \u00a9 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]],"date-time":"2017-11-14T04:56:40Z","timestamp":1510635400000},"page":"11-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Selective proton\u2010observed, carbon\u2010edited (selPOCE) MRS method for measurement of glutamate and glutamine <sup>13<\/sup>C\u2010labeling in the human frontal cortex"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Henk M.","family":"De Feyter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimund 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