{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T07:53:49Z","timestamp":1782287629461,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]],"date-time":"2018-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)","award":["(T32HL134633, R01HL115828, K25HL119608)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(T32HL134633, R01HL115828, K25HL119608)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Uneven flow distribution in patients with Fontan circulation is suspected to lead to complications. 4D flow MRI offers evaluation using time\u2010resolved pathlines; however, the potential error is not well understood. The aim of this study was to systematically assess variability in flow distribution caused by well\u2010known sources of error.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>4D flow MRI was acquired in 14 patients with Fontan circulation. Flow distribution was quantified by the % of caval venous flow pathlines reaching the left and right pulmonary arteries. Impact of data acquisition and data processing uncertainties were investigated by (1) probabilistic 4D blood flow tracking at varying noise levels, (2) down\u2010sampling to mimic acquisition at different spatial resolutions, (3) pathline calculation with and without eddy current correction, and (4) varied segmentation of the Fontan geometry to mimic analysis errors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Averaged among the cohort, uncertainties accounted for flow distribution errors from noise\u00a0\u22643.2%, low spatial resolution\u00a0\u22642.3% to 3.8%, eddy currents\u00a0\u22646.4%, and inaccurate segmentation\u00a0\u22643.9% to 9.1% (dilation and erosion, respectively). In a worst\u2010case scenario (maximum additive errors for all 4 sources), flow distribution errors were as high as 22.5%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inaccuracies related to postprocessing (segmentation, eddy currents) resulted in the largest potential error (\u226415.5% combined) whereas errors related to data acquisition (noise, low spatial resolution) had a lower impact (\u22645.5%\u20107.0% combined). Whereas it is unlikely that these errors will be additive or affect the identification of severe asymmetry, these results illustrate the importance of eddy current correction and accurate segmentation to minimize Fontan flow distribution errors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,16]],"date-time":"2018-09-16T13:05:56Z","timestamp":1537103156000},"page":"1205-1218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Caval to pulmonary 3D flow distribution in patients with Fontan circulation and impact of potential 4D flow MRI error sources"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Kelly","family":"Jarvis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Schnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex J.","family":"Barker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua D.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago Chicago Illinois"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia K.","family":"Rigsby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago Chicago Illinois"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Markl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.26.3.240"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2004.051789"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-016-0716-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.5.1217"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(96)00961-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002460010243"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.05.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Conversion from total cavopulmonary shunt to Fontan circulation: improved cyanosis with an 11\u2010year interval","volume":"14","author":"Hiramatsu T","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"480","article-title":"Surgical improvement of hepatic venous mixing to resolve systemic arterial hypoxemia associated with post\u2010Fontan pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae","volume":"36","author":"Sernich S","year":"2009","journal-title":"Texas Heart Inst J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2010.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12120778"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-016-3654-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2011.06.002"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"416","article-title":"Probabilistic 4D blood flow mapping","volume":"13","author":"Friman O","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25668"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-95871-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3437-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20871"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10171"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24925"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21561"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0000000000000312"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910390218"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880030315"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"3138","volume-title":"Optimized pre\u2010processing of time\u2010resolved 2D and 3D phase contrast MRI data","author":"Bock J","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2008.11.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2015.07.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340618"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-16-2"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmrm.27455","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.27455","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mrm.27455","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.27455","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T05:13:08Z","timestamp":1693372388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mrm.27455"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mrm.27455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.27455","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-3194","1522-2594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-3194","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-02-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-06-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-09-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}