{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:50:24Z","timestamp":1786978224974,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K99 HL138255"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K99 HL138255"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL131012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL131012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL143011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL143011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R44 HL123299"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R44 HL123299"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 HL007752"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 HL007752"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Hyperpolarized\n                      <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>\n                      Xe MRI characterizes regional lung ventilation in a variety of disease populations, with high sensitivity to airway obstruction in early disease. However, ventilation images are usually limited to a single breath\u2010hold and most\u2010often acquired using gradient\u2010recalled echo sequences with thick slices (~10\u201015 mm), which increases partial\u2010volume effects, limits ability to observe small defects, and suffers from imperfect slice selection. We demonstrate higher\u2010resolution ventilation images, in shorter breath\u2010holds, using FLORET (Fermat Looped ORthogonally Encoded Trajectories), a center\u2010out 3D\u2010spiral UTE sequence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In vivo human adult (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4; 2 healthy, 2 with cystic fibrosis)\n                      <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>\n                      Xe images were acquired using 2D gradient\u2010recalled echo, 3D radial, and FLORET. Each sequence was acquired at its highest possible resolution within a 16\u2010second breath\u2010hold with a minimum voxel dimension of 3 mm. Images were compared using\n                      <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>\n                      Xe ventilation defect percentage, SNR, similarity coefficients, and vasculature cross\u2010sections.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The FLORET sequence obtained relative normalized SNR, 40% greater than 2D gradient\u2010recalled echo (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .012) and 26% greater than 3D radial (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .067). Moreover, the FLORET images were acquired with 3\u2010fold\u2010higher nominal resolution in a 15% shorter breath\u2010hold. Finally, vasculature was less prominent in FLORET, likely due to diminished susceptibility\u2010induced dephasing at shorter TEs afforded by UTE sequences.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The FLORET sequence yields higher SNR for a given resolution with a shorter breath\u2010hold than traditional ventilation imaging techniques. This sequence more accurately measures ventilation abnormalities and enables reduced scan times in patients with poor compliance and severe lung disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T16:21:09Z","timestamp":1575303669000},"page":"312-320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Improved pulmonary\n                    <sup>129<\/sup>\n                    Xe ventilation imaging via 3D\u2010spiral UTE MRI"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4356-9622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew M.","family":"Willmering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0528-2508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter J.","family":"Niedbalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0318-1316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Science Philips, Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura L.","family":"Walkup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8244-0653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan K.","family":"Robison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Phoenix Children\u2019s Hospital Phoenix Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James G.","family":"Pipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zackary I.","family":"Cleveland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason C.","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati Medical Center 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