{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:21:02Z","timestamp":1788394862734,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Doctoral Training in Medical Imaging","award":["EP\/L016478\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/L016478\/1"]}]},{"name":"ERC Consolidator Grant DiSCo MRI SFN","award":["770939"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["770939"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is an emerging technique sensitive to disease\u2010related changes including oxygenation. It is extensively used in brain studies and has increasing clinical applications outside the brain. Here we present the first MRI acquisition protocol and QSM pipeline optimized for the head\u2010and\u2010neck region together with a repeatability analysis performed in healthy volunteers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated both the intrasession and the intersession repeatability of the optimized method in 10 subjects. We also implemented two, Tikhonov\u2010regularisation\u2010based susceptibility calculation techniques that were found to have higher contrast\u2010to\u2010noise than existing methods in the head\u2010and\u2010neck region. Repeatability was evaluated by calculating the distributions of susceptibility differences between repeated scans and the corresponding minimum detectable effect sizes (MDEs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Deep brain regions had higher QSM repeatability than neck regions. As expected, intrasession repeatability was generally better than intersession repeatability. Susceptibility maps calculated using projection onto dipole fields for background field removal were more repeatable than using the Laplacian boundary value method in the head\u2010and\u2010neck region. Small (short\u2010axis diameter &lt;5 mm) lymph nodes had the lowest repeatability (MDE = 0.27 ppm) as imperfect segmentation included some of the surrounding paramagnetic fatty fascia, highlighting the importance of accurate region delineation. MDEs in the larger lymph nodes (0.16 ppm), submandibular glands (0.10 ppm), and especially the parotid glands (0.06 ppm) were much lower, comparable to those of the brain regions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The high repeatability of the acquisition and pipeline optimized for QSM will facilitate clinical studies in the head\u2010and\u2010neck region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T06:35:51Z","timestamp":1593844551000},"page":"3206-3222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["An optimized and highly repeatable MRI acquisition and processing pipeline for quantitative susceptibility mapping in the head\u2010and\u2010neck region"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8648-3853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"Karsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Medical Imaging University College London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shonit","family":"Punwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical Imaging University College London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7520-2975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Shmueli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Medical Imaging University College London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22135"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21710"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25358"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24768"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.23282"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26358"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25385"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3668"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"1593","article-title":"Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) as a means to measure brain iron?","volume":"62","author":"Langkammer C","year":"2012","journal-title":"A post mortem validation study. 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