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Ventilation defect percentages (VDP) values between <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F early\u2010breath, <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F maximum\u2010ventilation, <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe low\u2010resolution, and <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe high\u2010resolution images were compared. Dynamic <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F images were used to determine gas wash\u2010in\/out rates in regions of ventilation congruency and mismatch between <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe and <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>VDP values from high\u2010resolution <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe images were greater than from low\u2010resolution images (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .001), although these values were significantly correlated (r\u00a0=\u00a00.68, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .03). Early\u2010breath <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F VDP and max\u2010vent <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F VDP also showed significant correlation (r\u00a0=\u00a00.75, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .012), with early\u2010breath <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F VDP values being significantly greater (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). No correlation in VDP values were detected between either <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F method or high\u2010res <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe images. In addition, the location and volume of ventilation defects were often different when comparing <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe and <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F images from the same subject. Areas of ventilation congruence displayed the expected ventilation kinetics, while areas of ventilation mismatch displayed abnormally slow gas wash\u2010in and wash\u2010out.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In CF subjects, ventilation abnormalities are identified by both <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F and HP <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe imaging. However, these ventilation abnormalities are not entirely congruent. <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F and HP <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe imaging provide complementary information that enable differentiation of normally ventilated, slowly ventilated, and non\u2010ventilated regions in the lungs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T16:40:38Z","timestamp":1596904838000},"page":"1028-1038","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Comparison of single breath hyperpolarized <sup>129<\/sup>Xe MRI with dynamic <sup>19<\/sup>F MRI in cystic fibrosis lung disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"McCallister","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Imaging Center The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0605-9420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Hun","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9363-3234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Antonacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Imaging Center The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margret","family":"Z. 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