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It is, however, unknown whether these agents confound <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS signals, for example, 2,3\u2010diphosphoglycerate (2,3\u2010DPG).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this work, we quantitatively assess the impact of non\u2010ionic, low osmolar iodinated CT contrast agent (iopamidol\/Niopam), gadolinium chelates (linear gadopentetic acid dimeglumine\/Magnevist and macrocyclic gadoterate meglumine\/Dotarem) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ferumoxytol\/Feraheme) on the nuclear T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P metabolites (ie, 2,3\u2010DPG), and <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H in water in live human blood and saline phantoms at 11.7 T.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Addition of all contrast agents led to significant shortening of all relaxation times in both <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H and <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P saline phantoms. On the contrary, the T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> relaxation time of 2,3\u2010DPG in blood was significantly shortened only by Magnevist (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .03). Similarly, the only contrast agent that influenced the T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> relaxation times of 2,3\u2010DPG in blood samples was ferumoxytol (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results show that, unlike conventional proton MR, phosphorus MRS is unconfounded in patients who have had prior CT with contrast, not all gadolinium\u2010based contrast agents influence <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS data <jats:italic>in vivo,<\/jats:italic> and that ferumoxytol is a promising contrast agent for the reduction in <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS blood\u2010pool signal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T07:06:38Z","timestamp":1602227198000},"page":"1805-1813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of contrast agents on relaxation properties of <sup>31<\/sup>P metabolites"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2567-3642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ladislav","family":"Valkovi\u010d","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Centre for Clinical MR Research (OCMR), RDM Cardiovascular Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK"},{"name":"Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7316-811X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin Y. 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