{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:53:48Z","timestamp":1785545628496,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KLI\u2010718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KLI\u2010718"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the impact of temporal motion\u2010induced coil sensitivity changes on CEST\u2010MRI at 7T and its correction using interleaved volumetric EPI navigators, which are applied for real\u2010time motion correction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five healthy volunteers were scanned via CEST. A 4\u2010fold correction pipeline allowed the mitigation of (1) motion, (2) motion\u2010induced coil sensitivity variations, <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mrm28555-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:07403194:media:mrm28555:mrm28555-math-0001\"\/>, (3) motion\u2010induced static magnetic field inhomogeneities, \u0394B<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>, and (4) spatially varying transmit RF field fluctuations, <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mrm28555-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:07403194:media:mrm28555:mrm28555-math-0002\"\/>. Four CEST measurements were performed per session. For the first 2, motion correction was turned OFF and then ON in absence of voluntary motion, whereas in the other 2 controlled head rotations were performed. During post\u2010processing <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mrm28555-math-0003.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:07403194:media:mrm28555:mrm28555-math-0003\"\/> was removed additionally for the motion\u2010corrected cases, resulting in a total of 6 scenarios to be compared. In all cases, retrospective \u2206B<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub> and \u2010<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mrm28555-math-0004.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:07403194:media:mrm28555:mrm28555-math-0004\"\/> corrections were performed to compute artifact\u2010free magnetization transfer ratio maps with asymmetric analysis (MTR<jats:sub>asym<\/jats:sub>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dynamic <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mrm28555-math-0005.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:07403194:media:mrm28555:mrm28555-math-0005\"\/> correction successfully mitigated signal deviations caused by head motion. In 2 frontal lobe regions of volunteer 4, induced relative signal errors of 10.9% and 3.9% were reduced to 1.1% and 1.0% after correction. In the right frontal lobe, the motion\u2010corrected MTR<jats:sub>asym<\/jats:sub> contrast deviated 0.92%, 1.21%, and 2.97% relative to the static case for \u0394\u03c9 = 1, 2, 3 \u00b1 0.25 ppm. The additional application of <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mrm28555-math-0006.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:07403194:media:mrm28555:mrm28555-math-0006\"\/> correction reduced these deviations to 0.10%, 0.14%, and 0.42%. The fully corrected MTR<jats:sub>asym<\/jats:sub> values were highly consistent between measurements with and without intended head rotations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Temporal <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mrm28555-math-0007.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:07403194:media:mrm28555:mrm28555-math-0007\"\/> cause significant CEST quantification bias. The presented correction pipeline including the proposed retrospective <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mrm28555-math-0008.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:07403194:media:mrm28555:mrm28555-math-0008\"\/> correction significantly reduced motion\u2010related artifacts on CEST\u2010MRI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T19:30:40Z","timestamp":1604950240000},"page":"1909-1923","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Real\u2010time motion and retrospective coil sensitivity correction for CEST using volumetric navigators (vNavs) at 7T"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0524-2362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esau","family":"Poblador Rodriguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image\u2010guided Therapy Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9717-6197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Moser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image\u2010guided Therapy Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9146-6273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami","family":"Auno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Korbinian","family":"Eckstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image\u2010guided Therapy Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6339-2169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Dymerska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics and Bioengineering University College London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"van der Kouwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A. 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