{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T12:55:59Z","timestamp":1763643359696,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19H01175","21K18037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H01175","21K18037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Phase\u2010contrast MRI (PC\u2010MRI) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) velocity is used to evaluate the characteristics of intracranial diseases, such as normal\u2010pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Nevertheless, PC\u2010MRI has several potential error sources, with eddy\u2010current\u2010based phase offset error being non\u2010negligible in CSF measurement. In this study, we assess the measurement error of CSF velocity maps obtained using 4D flow MRI and evaluate correction methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>CSF velocity maps of 10 patients with NPH were acquired using 4D flow MRI (velocity\u2010encoding = 5 cm\/s). Distributed phase offset error was estimated for a whole 3D background field by polynomial fitting using robust regression analysis. This estimated phase offset error was then used to correct the CSF velocity maps. The estimated error profiles were compared with those obtained using an existing 2D correction approach involving local background information near the region of interest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The residual standard error of the polynomial fitting against the phase offset error extracted from the measured velocities was within 0.2 cm\/s. The spatial dependencies of the phase offset errors showed similar tendencies in all cases, but sufficient differences in these values were found to indicate requirement of velocity correction. Differences of the estimated errors among other correction approaches were in the order of 10<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> cm\/s, and the estimated errors were in good agreement with those obtained using existing approaches.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our method is capable of estimating the measurement error of CSF velocity maps obtained from 4D flow MRI and provides quantitatively reasonable characteristics for the main CSF profile in the cerebral aqueduct in patients with NPH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T09:21:52Z","timestamp":1638782512000},"page":"2412-2423","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A subject\u2010specific assessment of measurement errors and their correction in cerebrospinal fluid velocity maps using 4D flow MRI"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Selin","family":"Yavuz Ilik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University  Toyonaka Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6431-2703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University  Toyonaka Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7158-5569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shigeki","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Shiga University of Medical Science  Otsu Shiga Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3906-3730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Shiga University of Medical Science  Otsu Shiga Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8895-2839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shigeo","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University  Toyonaka Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.178.2.1987610"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"1301","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid flow measured by phase\u2010contrast cine MR","volume":"14","author":"Enzmann DR","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2006.886853"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.161.3.3786732"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.159.3.3704142"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200203000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.198.2.8596861"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"Peak systolic and diastolic CSF velocity in the foramen magnum in adult patients with Chiari I malformations and in normal control participants","volume":"24","author":"Haughton VM","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-019-0159-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-011-2105-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-017-0074-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6941"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06825-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052284"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-021-00246-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27752"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26883"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-015-0172-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880030315"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25668"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32707-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157223"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-018-3730-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-14-72"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23527"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-018-3731-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","first-page":"1749","article-title":"A method for autocalibrating 2\u2010D accelerated volumetric parallel imaging with clinically practical reconstruction times","volume":"15","author":"Beatty P","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc 15th Annu Meet ISMRM, Berlin, Ger"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","unstructured":"LaiP BrauA BeattyP ShankaranarayananA.Highly\u2010accelerated cardiac cine MR imaging using kats ARC (autocalibrating reconstruction for Cartesian sampling with k\u2010 & adaptive\u2010t\u2010space data synthesis). Proc 17th Sci Meet Int Soc Magn Reson Med.2009;Honolulu:766."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26637"},{"volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2018","author":"R Core Team","key":"e_1_2_8_35_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4124"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-13-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-014-0097-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.23111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10915-011-9547-6"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.29111","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mrm.29111","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.29111","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T09:03:53Z","timestamp":1692867833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mrm.29111"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mrm.29111"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.29111","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-3194","1522-2594"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0740-3194"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1522-2594"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}