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SAR variations are investigated using phase\/amplitude shimming considering (i) a local SAR\u2010controlled mode (here SAR calculations consider RF amplitudes and phases) and (ii) a channel\u2010wise power\u2010controlled mode (SAR boundary calculation is independent of the channels' phases, only dependent on the channels' maximum amplitude).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Respiration\u2010induced variations of both \n\n amplitude and phase are observed. The flip angle homogeneity depends on the respiratory state used for \n\n shimming; best results were achieved for shimming on inhale and exhale simultaneously (). The results reflect that respiration impacts position and amplitude of the local SAR maximum. With the local\u2010SAR\u2010control mode, a safety factor of up to 1.4 is needed to accommodate for respiratory variations while the power control mode appears respiration\u2010robust when the coil moves with respiration (SAR peak decrease: 9% exhale\u2192inhale). Instead, a spatially fixed coil setup yields higher SAR variations with respiration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Respiratory motion does not only affect the  distribution and hence the image contrast, but also location and magnitude of the peak spatial SAR. Therefore, respiration effects may need to be included in safety analyses of RF coils applied to the human thorax.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T08:24:57Z","timestamp":1659169497000},"page":"2645-2661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The impact of respiratory motion on\n                    <scp>electromagnetic<\/scp>\n                    fields and\n                    <scp>specific absorption rate<\/scp>\n                    in cardiac imaging at\n                    <scp>7T<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5357-7642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Schoen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physikalisch\u2010Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)  Braunschweig and Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7065-2528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Seifert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physikalisch\u2010Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)  Braunschweig and Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9503-0998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Petzold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physikalisch\u2010Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)  Braunschweig and Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3187-6529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Metzger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research University of Minnesota  Minneapolis, Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6019-5597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Speck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto von Guericke University  Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4087-471X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernd","family":"Ittermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physikalisch\u2010Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)  Braunschweig and Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4410-6790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Schmitter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physikalisch\u2010Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)  Braunschweig and Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research University of Minnesota  Minneapolis, Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-005-2678-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2005.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2624507"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4903774"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RMR.0000000000000204"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28297"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.23226"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"Meliad\u00f2EF RaaijmakersAJE RestivoMC MasperoM PeterR.Luijten and CAT van den B. database construction for local SAR prediction: preliminary assessment of the intra and inter subject SAR variability in pelvic region. 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