{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T01:36:05Z","timestamp":1789263365589,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,13]],"date-time":"2022-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/P008712\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/P008712\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/V036874\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/V036874\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000288","name":"Royal Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["206675\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["206675\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000288","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultralow\u2010field (ULF) point\u2010of\u2010care MRI systems allow image acquisition without interrupting medical provision, with neonatal clinical care being an important potential application. The ability to measure neonatal brain tissue T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> is a key enabling technology for subsequent structural image contrast optimization, as well as being a potential biomarker for brain development. Here we describe an optimized strategy for neonatal T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> mapping at ULF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Examinations were performed on a 64\u2010mT portable MRI system. A phantom validation experiment was performed, and a total of 33 in vivo exams were acquired from 28 neonates with postmenstrual age ranging from 31<jats:sup>+4<\/jats:sup> to 49<jats:sup>+0<\/jats:sup>\u00a0weeks. Multiple inversion\u2010recovery turbo spin\u2010echo sequences were acquired with differing inversion and repetition times. An analysis pipeline incorporating inter\u2010sequence motion correction generated proton density and T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> maps. Regions of interest were placed in the cerebral deep gray matter, frontal white matter, and cerebellum. Weighted linear regression was used to predict T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> as a function of postmenstrual age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reduction of T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> with postmenstrual age is observed in all measured brain tissue; the change in T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> per week and 95% confidence intervals is given by dT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a0\u221221\u2009ms\/week [\u221225, \u221216] (cerebellum), dT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a0\u221214\u2009ms\/week [\u221218, \u221210] (deep gray matter), and dT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a0\u221235\u2009ms\/week [\u221245, \u221225] (white matter).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> values at ULF are shorter than those previously described at standard clinical field strengths, but longer than those of adults at ULF. T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> reduces with postmenstrual age and is therefore a candidate biomarker for perinatal brain development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T05:55:21Z","timestamp":1668405321000},"page":"1016-1025","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["<scp>In vivo T<sub>1<\/sub><\/scp> mapping of neonatal brain tissue at <scp>64 mT<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5699-2692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Padormo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Medical Physics Guy\u2032s &amp; St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Hyperfine, Inc.  Guilford Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4353-0656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Cawley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Medical Research Council Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders King\u2032s College London  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Guy\u2032s and St. Thomas\u2032 NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Dillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emer","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Almalbis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Guy\u2032s and St. Thomas\u2032 NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Guy\u2032s and St. Thomas\u2032 NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Maggioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Guy\u2032s and St. Thomas\u2032 NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel De La Fuente","family":"Botella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Guy\u2032s and St. Thomas\u2032 NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9814-8841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Cromb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Guy\u2032s and St. Thomas\u2032 NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6907-7554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Medical Physics Guy\u2032s &amp; St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8582-1777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lori","family":"Arlinghaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hyperfine, Inc.  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L.","family":"Deoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Rhode Island Hospital Warren, Alpert Medical School at Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders King\u2032s College London  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Center for Neuroimaging Sciences King\u2032s College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8925-9032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaihan","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"O\u2032Muircheartaigh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Medical Research Council Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders King\u2032s College London  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King\u2032s College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena J.","family":"Counsell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Rutherford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Medical Research Council Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders King\u2032s College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoki","family":"Arichi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Medical Research Council Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders King\u2032s College London  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Pediatric Neurosciences, Evelina London Children\u2032s Hospital Guys\u2032 and St. Thomas\u2032 NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. David","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Medical Research Council Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders King\u2032s College London  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Guy\u2032s and St. Thomas\u2032 NHS Foundation Trust  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph V.","family":"Hajnal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King\u2032s College London   London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCE.0000000000000306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.3263"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25441-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26637"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26942"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"MRI of normal brain maturation","volume":"7","author":"Holland BA","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.7_Spec_No.846"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.166.1.3336675"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2293021462"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6702"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28396"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2352031769"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4510"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-014-0881-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0198250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-021-05109-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28326-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910140306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","unstructured":"RearickT CharvatGL RosenMS RothbergJM inventors; Hyperfine Research Inc. assignee.Noise suppression methods and apparatus. US Patent 9 547 057. 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