{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T09:50:57Z","timestamp":1785750657077,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15739"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15739"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this work is the development of a thermometry method to measure temperature increases in vivo, with a precision and accuracy sufficient for validation against thermal simulations. Such an MR thermometry model would be a valuable tool to get an indication on one of the major safety concerns in MR imaging: the tissue heating occurring due to radiofrequency (RF) exposure. To prevent excessive temperature rise, RF power deposition, expressed as specific absorption rate, cannot exceed predefined thresholds. Using these thresholds, MRI has demonstrated an extensive history of safe usage. Nevertheless, MR thermometry would be a valuable tool to address some of the unmet needs in the area of RF safety assessment, such as validation of specific absorption rate and thermal simulations, investigation of local peak temperatures during scanning, or temperature\u2010based safety guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The harmonic initialized model\u2010based multi\u2010echo approach is proposed. The method combines a previously published model\u2010based multi\u2010echo water\/fat separated approach with an also previously published near\u2010harmonic 2D reconstruction method. The method is tested on the human thigh with a multi\u2010transmit array at 7\u00a0T, in three volunteers, and for several RF shims.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Precision and accuracy are improved considerably compared to a previous fat\u2010referenced method (precision: 0.09 vs. 0.19\u00b0C). Comparison of measured temperature rise distributions to subject\u2010specific simulated counterparts show good relative agreement for multiple RF shim settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The high precision shows promising potential for validation purposes and other RF safety applications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T09:35:06Z","timestamp":1674466506000},"page":"2347-2360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multi\u2010echo <scp>MR<\/scp> thermometry in the upper leg at <scp>7\u00a0T<\/scp> using near\u2010harmonic <scp>2D<\/scp> reconstruction for initialization"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3491-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathijs W. 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