{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T07:25:50Z","timestamp":1787642750788,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002001","name":"Health Services and Delivery Research Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR3016640"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR3016640"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014013","name":"UK Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/T018119\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/T018119\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WT201526\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT201526\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WT203148\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT203148\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>To improve motion robustness of functional fetal MRI scans by developing an intrinsic real\u2010time motion correction method. MRI provides an ideal tool to characterize fetal brain development and growth. It is, however, a relatively slow imaging technique and therefore extremely susceptible to subject motion, particularly in functional MRI experiments acquiring multiple Echo\u2010Planar\u2010Imaging\u2010based repetitions, for example, diffusion MRI or blood\u2010oxygen\u2010level\u2010dependency MRI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A 3D UNet was trained on 125 fetal datasets to track the fetal brain position in each repetition of the scan in real time. This tracking, inserted into a Gadgetron pipeline on a clinical scanner, allows updating the position of the field of view in a modified echo\u2010planar imaging sequence. The method was evaluated in real\u2010time in controlled\u2010motion phantom experiments and ten fetal MR studies (17 + 4\u201034 + 3 gestational weeks) at 3T. The localization network was additionally tested retrospectively on 29 low\u2010field (0.55T) datasets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Our method achieved real\u2010time fetal head tracking and prospective correction of the acquisition geometry. Localization performance achieved Dice scores of 84.4% and 82.3%, respectively for both the unseen 1.5T\/3T and 0.55T fetal data, with values higher for cephalic fetuses and increasing with gestational age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Our technique was able to follow the fetal brain even for fetuses under 18 weeks GA in real\u2010time at 3T and was successfully applied \u201coffline\u201d to new cohorts on 0.55T. Next, it will be deployed to other modalities such as fetal diffusion MRI and to cohorts of pregnant participants diagnosed with pregnancy complications, for example, pre\u2010eclampsia and congenital heart disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T09:33:51Z","timestamp":1689759231000},"page":"2306-2320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Real\u2010time fetal brain tracking for functional fetal MRI"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7520-081X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Neves Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King's College London London UK"},{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering & 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INM\u201011 Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich J\u00fclich Germany"},{"name":"RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Story","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King's College London London UK"},{"name":"Department of Women & Children's Health King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"De Vita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King's College London London UK"},{"name":"MRI Physics Group Great Ormond Street Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Rutherford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences 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