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This study sought to tackle this problem through the comparison of the BOLD global signal to an adjacent non\u2010brain tissue signal, where neural activity was absent, from the same rs\u2010fMRI scan obtained from anesthetized rats. In this dataset, motion was minimal and ventilation was phase\u2010locked to image acquisition to minimize respiratory fluctuations. Data were acquired using three different anesthetics: isoflurane, dexmedetomidine, and a combination of dexmedetomidine and light isoflurane.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A power spectral density estimate, a voxel\u2010wise spatial correlation via Pearson's correlation, and a co\u2010activation pattern analysis were performed using the global signal and the non\u2010brain tissue signal. Functional connectivity was calculated using Pearson's linear correlation on default mode network (DMN) regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report differences in the spectral composition of the two signals and show spatial selectivity within DMN structures that show an increased correlation to the global signal and decreased intra\u2010network connectivity after global signal regression. All of the observed differences between the global signal and the non\u2010brain tissue signal were maintained across anesthetics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results show that the global signal is distinct from the noise contained in the tissue signal, as support for a neural contribution. This study provides a unique perspective to the contents of the global signal and their origins.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T19:38:56Z","timestamp":1692387536000},"page":"2486-2499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Spatial and Spectral Components of the\n                    <scp>BOLD<\/scp>\n                    Global Signal in Rat\n                    <scp>Resting\u2010State<\/scp>\n                    Functional\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3967-4761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nmachi","family":"Anumba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University   Atlanta Georgia 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