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In this article, we present an iterative reconstruction framework using dual\u2010echo<jats:sup>23<\/jats:sup>Na data and exploiting anatomical prior information (AGR) from high\u2010resolution, low\u2010noise,<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H MR images. This framework enables the estimation and modeling of the spatially varying signal decay due to transverse relaxation during readout (AGRdm), which leads to images of better resolution and reduced noise resulting in improved quantification of the reconstructed<jats:sup>23<\/jats:sup>Na images.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proposed framework was evaluated using reconstructions of 30 noise realizations of realistic simulations of dual echo twisted projection imaging (TPI)<jats:sup>23<\/jats:sup>Na data. Moreover, three dual echo<jats:sup>23<\/jats:sup>Na TPI brain datasets of healthy controls acquired on a 3T Siemens Prisma system were reconstructed using conventional reconstruction, AGR and AGRdm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our simulations show that compared to conventional reconstructions, AGR and AGRdm show improved bias\u2010noise characteristics in several regions of the brain. Moreover, AGR and AGRdm images show more anatomical detail and less noise in the reconstructions of the experimental data sets. Compared to AGR and the conventional reconstruction, AGRdm shows higher contrast in the sodium concentration ratio between gray and white matter and between gray matter and the brain stem.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>AGR and AGRdm generate<jats:sup>23<\/jats:sup>Na images with high resolution, high levels of anatomical detail, and low levels of noise, potentially enabling high\u2010quality<jats:sup>23<\/jats:sup>Na MR imaging at 3T.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T07:05:15Z","timestamp":1701673515000},"page":"1404-1418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Resolution enhancement, noise suppression, and joint T2* decay estimation in dual\u2010echo sodium\u201023 MR imaging using anatomically guided reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2251-3195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Schramm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiological Sciences Laboratory, School of Medicine Stanford University Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Imaging and Pathology KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8560-8888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Filipovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging and Pathology KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9931-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongxian","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Grossman School of Medicine New York University (NYU) New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9123-1079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alaleh","family":"Alivar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Grossman School of Medicine New York University (NYU) New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9984-9164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvonne W.","family":"Lui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Grossman School of Medicine New York University (NYU) New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1923-6198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan","family":"Nuyts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging and Pathology KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3289-9917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Boada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiological Sciences Laboratory, School of Medicine Stanford University Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2272020483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0854"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21648"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-012-0168-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1495"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.12275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2022.103274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24168"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3389"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.11.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A7261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26962"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/23.173225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.563658"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2004.825623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BowsherJE YuanH HedlundLW et al.Utilizing MRI information to estimate F18\u2010FDG distributions in rat flank tumors. 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