{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T21:51:25Z","timestamp":1790891485563,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PG\/20\/10008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PG\/20\/10008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n Guidelines recommend measuring myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) using T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n \u2010mapping before and 10\u201330\u2009min after contrast agent administration. Data are then analyzed using a linear model (LM), which assumes fast water exchange (WX) between the ECV and cardiomyocytes. We investigated whether limited WX influences ECV measurements in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Twenty\u2010five patients with severe AS and 5 healthy controls were recruited. T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n measurements were made on a 3 T Siemens system using a multiparametric saturation\u2010recovery single\u2010shot acquisition (a) before contrast; (b) 4\u2009min post 0.05\u2009mmol\/kg gadobutrol; and (c) 4\u2009min, (d) 10\u2009min, and (e) 30\u2009min after an additional gadobutrol dose (0.1\u2009mmol\/kg). Three LM\u2010based ECV estimates, made using paired T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n measurements (a and b), (a and d), and (a and e), were compared to ECV estimates made using all 5 T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n measurements and a two\u2010site exchange model (2SXM) accounting for WX.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Median (range) ECV estimated using the 2SXM model was 25% (21%\u201339%) for patients and 26% (22%\u201329%) for controls. ECV estimated in patients using the LM at 10\u2009min following a cumulative contrast dose of 0.15\u2009mmol\/kg was 21% (17%\u201332%) and increased significantly to 22% (19%\u201335%) at 30\u2009min (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0001). ECV estimated using the LM was highest following low dose gadobutrol, 25% (19%\u201338%).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Current guidelines on contrast agent dose for ECV measurements may lead to underestimated ECV in patients with severe AS because of limited WX. Use of a lower contrast agent dose may mitigate this effect.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]],"date-time":"2023-12-02T11:58:55Z","timestamp":1701518335000},"page":"1637-1644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The impact of water exchange on estimates of myocardial extracellular volume calculated using contrast enhanced\n \n T\n 1<\/sub>\n <\/scp>\n measurements: A preliminary analysis in patients with severe aortic stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5880-1722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor","family":"Sharrack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Biglands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK"},{"name":"Department of Medical Physics & Engineering Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Broadbent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK"},{"name":"Department of Medical Physics & Engineering Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kellman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0698-1746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelvin","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular MR R&D Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc. Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3799-7102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eylem","family":"Levelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Plein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6659-8365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David L.","family":"Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-017-0389-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.112.979815"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2594(200010)44:4<563::AID-MRM10>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(199909)42:3<467::AID-MRM9>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.000438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx353"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.11.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.79.4.744"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-017-0355-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000577"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29170"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-021-00823-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-020-00683-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198710223171717"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880070114"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-014-0069-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029895"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00429.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr481"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20164"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3488"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.29956","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T23:55:02Z","timestamp":1706831702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mrm.29956"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mrm.29956"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.29956","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-3194","1522-2594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-3194","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}