{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T17:21:06Z","timestamp":1788024066117,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023938","name":"MIR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023938","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011699","name":"Siemens Healthineers","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009607","name":"McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009607","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n To develop a flexible, vendor\u2010neutral EPI sequence for hyperpolarized\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C metabolic imaging.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n An open\u2010source EPI sequence consisting of a metabolite\u2010specific spectral\u2010spatial RF excitation pulse and a customizable EPI readout was created using the Pulseq framework. To explore the flexibility of our sequence, we tested several versions of the sequence including a symmetric 3D readout with different spatial resolutions for each metabolite (1.0\u2009cm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n and 1.5\u2009cm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n ). A multichamber phantom constructed with a Shepp\u2010Logan geometry, containing two chambers filled with either natural abundance\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C compounds or hyperpolarized (HP) [1\u2013\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C]pyruvate, was used to test each sequence. For experiments involving HP [1\u2013\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C]pyruvate, a single chamber was prefilled with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride and lactate dehydrogenase to facilitate the conversion of [1\u2013\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C]pyruvate to [1\u2013\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C]lactate. All experiments were performed on a Siemens Prisma 3T scanner.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n All the sequence variations localized natural\u2010abundance\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C ethylene glycol and methanol to the appropriate compartment of the multichamber phantom. [1\u2013\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C]pyruvate was detectable in both chambers following the injection of HP [1\u2013\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C]pyruvate, whereas [1\u2013\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C]lactate was only found in the chamber containing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride and lactate dehydrogenase. The conversion rate from [1\u2013\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C]pyruvate to [1\u2013\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C]lactate (\n k<\/jats:italic>\n PL<\/jats:sub>\n ) was 0.01\u2009s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n (95% confidence interval [0.00, 0.02]).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n We have developed and tested a vendor\u2010neutral EPI sequence for imaging HP\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C agents. We have made all of our sequence creation and image reconstruction code freely available online for other investigators to use.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.30090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T05:15:17Z","timestamp":1711343717000},"page":"772-781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A vendor\u2010neutral EPI sequence for hyperpolarized\n \n 13<\/sup>\n C MRI\n <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3402-0654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tyler","family":"Blazey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington 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