{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T21:30:29Z","timestamp":1770067829149,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010EB030497"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010EB030497"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate reproducibility and interlobar agreement of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) quantification in the liver across field strengths and MR scanners with different gradient hardware.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cramer\u2010Rao lower bound optimization was performed to determine optimized monopolar and motion\u2010robust 2D (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u2010value and first\u2010order motion moment [<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>]) IVIM\u2010DWI acquisitions. Eleven healthy volunteers underwent diffusion MRI of the liver, where each optimized acquisition was obtained five times across three MRI scanners. For each data set, IVIM estimates (diffusion coefficient (<jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>), pseudo\u2010diffusion coefficients ( and ), blood velocity SDs (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>b1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>b2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>), and perfusion fractions [<jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>]) were obtained in the right and left liver lobes using two signal models (pseudo\u2010diffusion and <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2010dependent physical) with and without T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> correction (<jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>c1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>c2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>) and three fitting techniques (tri\u2010exponential region of interest\u2013based full and segmented fitting and blood velocity SD distribution fitting). Reproducibility and interlobar agreement were compared across methods using within\u2010subject and pairwise coefficients of variation (<jats:italic>CV<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>CV<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>), paired sample t\u2010tests, and Bland\u2013Altman analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using a combination of motion\u2010robust 2D (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>) data acquisition, <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2010dependent physical signal modeling with T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> correction, and blood velocity SD distribution fitting, multiscanner reproducibility with median <jats:italic>CV<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20095.09%, 11.3%, 9.20%, 14.2%, and 12.6% for <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>b1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>b2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>c1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>, and <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>c2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>, respectively, and interlobar agreement with <jats:italic>CV<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20098.14%, 11.9%, 8.50%, 49.9%, and 42.0%, respectively, was achieved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recently proposed advanced IVIM acquisition, signal modeling, and fitting techniques may facilitate reproducible IVIM quantification in the liver, as needed for establishment of IVIM\u2010based quantitative biomarkers for detection, staging, and treatment monitoring of diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.30237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T11:01:57Z","timestamp":1723201317000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Reproducibility of intravoxel incoherent motion quantification in the liver across field strengths and gradient hardware"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9326-7203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory","family":"Simchick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison   Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3040-6525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin 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