{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,29]],"date-time":"2024-12-29T05:04:21Z","timestamp":1735448661213,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,20]],"date-time":"2024-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["215908\/Z\/19\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["215908\/Z\/19\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To report the first in\u2010vivo results from exploiting the magic angle effect, using a dedicated low\u2010field MRI scanner that can be rotated about two axes. The magic angle directional imaging (MADI) method is used to depict collagen microstructures with 3D collagen tractography of knee ligaments and the meniscus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A novel low\u2010field MRI system was developed, based on a transverse field open magnet, where the magnet can be rotated about two orthogonal axes. Sets of volume scans at various orientations were obtained in healthy volunteers. The experiments focused on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the meniscus of the knee. The images were co\u2010registered, anatomical regions of interest (ROIs) were selected and the collagen fiber orientations in each voxel were estimated from the observed image intensity variations. The 3D collagen tractography was superimposed on conventional volume images.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The MADI method was successfully employed for the first time producing in\u2010vivo results comparable to those previously reported for excised animal specimens using conventional MRI. Tractography plots were generated for the ACL and the menisci. These results are consistent with the known microstructure of collagen fibers in these tissues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Images obtained using low\u2010field MRI with 1\u2009mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> resolution were of sufficient quality for the MADI method, which was shown to produce high quality in\u2010vivo information of collagen microstructures. This was achieved using a cost effective and sustainable low\u2010field magnet making the technique potentially accessible and scalable, potentially changing the way we image injuries or disease in joints.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.30332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T06:10:57Z","timestamp":1729491057000},"page":"1077-1089","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First in\u2010vivo magic angle directional imaging using dedicated low\u2010field MRI"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4837-9518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihailo","family":"Ristic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6196-4909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karyn E.","family":"Chappell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Lanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"McGinley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chinmay","family":"Gupte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitris","family":"Amiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20808"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1732460"},{"volume-title":"MRI of Tissues with Short T2s or T2* s","year":"2012","author":"Bydder GM","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910320508"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4538-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117698439"},{"volume-title":"Visualization Handbook","year":"2011","author":"Hansen CD","key":"e_1_2_7_8_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.155.2.3983395"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/9781782623663-00109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2011.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910390612"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-200010000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10269"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002560000249"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.71.841.9534696"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-15773-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/acc169"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2014.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.2c06217"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115288"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2016.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"McGinleyJ RisticM YoungI.Rotatable Main Field MRI Scanner for Angle Sensitive Imaging presented at: ISMRM 26th Annual Meeting; 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