{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T02:56:04Z","timestamp":1789268164310,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010446","name":"Institute for Basic Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IBS\u2010R015\u2010D1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IBS\u2010R015\u2010D1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010446","name":"Institute for Basic Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IBS\u2010R015\u2010D2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IBS\u2010R015\u2010D2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n Blood oxygen\u2013level dependent (BOLD) functional MRI signals depend on changes in deoxyhemoglobin content, which is associated with baseline cerebral blood volume (CBV) and blood oxygen saturation change. To accurately interpret activation\u2010induced BOLD responses and quantify perfusion values by BOLD dynamic susceptibility contrast (BOLD\u2010DSC) with transient hypoxia, it is critical to assess \u0394 values in tissue and blood across varying levels of hypoxia and magnetic field strengths (B\n 0<\/jats:sub>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Whole\u2010brain BOLD responses were examined using 5\u2010s graded hypoxic challenges with 10%, 5%, and 0% O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n at ultrahigh field strengths of 7 T, 9.4 T, and 15.2\u2009T. Both tissue and blood responses were analyzed for BOLD\u2010DSC quantification.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Substantial heterogeneity in hypoxia\u2010induced \u0394 was observed among regions under different hypoxic doses and B\n 0<\/jats:sub>\n . Nonlinear \u0394 responses with increasing field strength were observed, depending on hypoxic levels: 10% O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n condition exhibited pronounced supralinear trends, whereas 0% and 5% O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n conditions showed nearly linear dependencies. Blood arterial and venous responses showed a similar dependence as tissue. However, at 15.2\u2009T, the venous signal saturated under 5% and 0% O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n conditions. Quantitative CBV values obtained from BOLD\u2010DSC data showed dependency on susceptibility effects, and higher B\n 0<\/jats:sub>\n and hypoxic severity resulted in slightly higher CBV, indicating that caution is needed when comparing quantitative CBV values derived from different experimental protocols. Normalizing regional CBV values to those of white matter effectively reduced the impact of varying susceptibility contrasts.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Our investigations provide biophysical insights into the BOLD contrast mechanism at ultrahigh fields, and address quantification issues in susceptibility\u2010based CBV measurements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.30459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T04:34:16Z","timestamp":1739853256000},"page":"262-277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Whole\u2010brain\n BOLD<\/scp>\n responses to graded hypoxic challenges at 7\n T<\/scp>\n , 9.4\n T<\/scp>\n , and 15.2\n T<\/scp>\n : Implications for ultrahigh\u2010field functional and dynamic susceptibility contrast\n MRI<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1183-5672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thuy Thi","family":"Le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science Suwon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Han","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geun Ho","family":"Im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanhee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongkyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Tech Center Korea Brain Research Institute Daegu Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Schulman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Krembil Brain Institute University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HyungJoon","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamil","family":"Uluda\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science Suwon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Krembil Brain Institute University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Physical Sciences Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong\u2010Gi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for 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