{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T14:09:04Z","timestamp":1773410944158,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AR050068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR050068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AR076392"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR076392"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 DE028417"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 DE028417"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 AR007132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 AR007132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 EB009384"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 EB009384"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 EB020087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 EB020087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006458","name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006458","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008982","name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1845298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1845298"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pediatric craniofacial imaging may involve examination of both the skull and brain tissues via CT and MRI, respectively. DREAMER (Dual Repetition and Echo Acquisition with Multi\u2010contrast Encoding and Reconstruction) simultaneously acquires solid\u2010 and soft\u2010tissue images, potentially providing a rapid, high\u2010resolution, and radiation\u2010free protocol whenever bone\u2010selective, T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      w, and T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      w images are required.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The DREAMER sequence combines a solid\u2010state MRI method with phase\u2010based T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      encoding to produce a multi\u2010contrast signal model that enables retrospective customization of image contrast weighting. DREAMER is paired with an iterative image reconstruction algorithm for accelerated and high\u2010resolution structural imaging of solid\u2010 and soft\u2010tissue compartments. Two healthy adult volunteers and two pediatric patients were scanned at 3\u2009T to qualitatively compare soft\u2010tissue DREAMER image contrasts with their corresponding clinical standards, T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      w MPRAGE and T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      w fast spin\u2010echo (FSE). Two patients also underwent clinical CT to compare the bone\u2010selective images and skull renderings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      DREAMER images are self\u2010registered, high\u2010resolution, and spatially isotropic. The bone\u2010selective, T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      w, and T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      w images approximate the image contrasts and structural imaging capabilities of their corresponding clinical standards (CT, T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      w MPRAGE, and T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      w FSE). Unlike the standard techniques, DREAMER imaging occurs at a single scanner using a single pulse sequence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DREAMER combines mechanisms for solid\u2010 and multiple\u2010contrast soft\u2010tissue imaging into a single scan. For craniofacial imaging, DREAMER may consolidate CT and MRI demand, reduce exposure to ionizing radiation, decrease patient examination and wait times, and simplify the radiological workflow.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T03:29:49Z","timestamp":1761794989000},"page":"1513-1527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<scp>DREAMER<\/scp>\n                    : Rapid and Simultaneous Multiple Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Solid and Soft Tissue"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5326-1245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian\u2010Tinh Duc","family":"Vu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4382-876X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nada","family":"Kamona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3430-1840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix W.","family":"Wehrli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1232-0875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajiv S.","family":"Deshpande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee Kwon","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Oral Surgery Children's Hospital of Philadelphia  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Baccaglini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott P.","family":"Bartlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Oral Surgery Children's Hospital of Philadelphia  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chamith S.","family":"Rajapakse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"M.Rohman JAMA: U.S. Spends the Most on Healthcare\u2014and Imaging is a Reason Why: Health Imaging (2018) https:\/\/healthimaging.com\/topics\/practice\u2010management\/jama\u2010us\u2010spends\u2010most\u2010healthcare\u2010and\u2010imaging\u2010reason\u2010why."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.1150"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14141356"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.262055063"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"Essentials of Clinical MRI","author":"Falke T. H.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Brain and Spine: Basics","author":"Preston D. C.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278\u2010019\u201000252\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(12)60815\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247\u2010013\u20102673\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2016.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244\u2010018\u20100666\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440\u20101673.2008.01963.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024\u2010009\u20109132\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247\u2010014\u20103216\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.023882"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11142084"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/58\/1\/R1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016152601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22459"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3305"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334\u2010023\u201001125\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/95110289"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2010.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-007-0070-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","volume-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","author":"Wiesinger F.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25545"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4886766"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28689"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29356"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A8335"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","unstructured":"J.RenandB.Lakshminarayanan \u201cGoogle Research\u201d (2019) https:\/\/research.google\/blog\/improving\u2010out\u2010of\u2010distribution\u2010detection\u2010in\u2010machine\u2010learning\u2010models\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334\u2010024\u201001173\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910160203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1241"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21391"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21691"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","volume-title":"ISMRM 33rd Annual Meeting & Exhibition","author":"Baccaglini E.","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","volume-title":"ISMRM 33rd Annual Meeting & Exhibition","author":"Vu B. D.","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910210210"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","volume-title":"Handbook of MRI Pulse Sequences","author":"Bernstein M.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28138"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","volume-title":"ISMRM 28th Annual Meeting & Exhibition","author":"Lamy J.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29077"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-200311000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26160"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22433"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.567417"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.30275"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/jres.049.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to the Conjugate Gradient Method Without the Agonizing Pain","author":"Shewchuk J. R.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2024.08.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2008.927346"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25640"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21837"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","volume-title":"ISMRM 27th Annual Meeting & Exhibition","author":"Ong F.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/18M120885X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2019.2954121"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10851-010-0251-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592\u2010020\u201001008\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27625"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21895"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910180211"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21492"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22918"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26500"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tmi.2020.2978405"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IPDPSW52791.2021.00105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_69_1","volume-title":"ISMRM 9th Scientific Meeting & Exhibition","author":"Wajer F. T. A. W.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/22M1530355"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2007.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29883"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910010108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29742"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006\u20103495(91)82278\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910370414"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.70140","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T10:40:32Z","timestamp":1767004832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mrm.70140"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mrm.70140"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.70140","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-3194","1522-2594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-3194","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}