{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T19:38:44Z","timestamp":1783021124048,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop a time\u2010resolved extension of three\u2010dimensional time\u2010of\u2010flight MR angiography, termed Dynamic TOF (DynaTOF), that exploits intrinsic RF saturation behavior to enable noncontrast visualization of cerebrovascular hemodynamics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DynaTOF was implemented by varying flip angle, repetition time (TR), and slab\u2010selective RF excitation profile to modulate longitudinal magnetization saturation and encode relative inflow timing. Data were acquired using a short\u2010TR protocol combined with deep\u2010learning reconstruction to ensure scan efficiency. Five healthy volunteers underwent DynaTOF and pulsed arterial spin labeling (PASL) MRA. Five patients with intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were scanned to evaluate clinical feasibility and compare temporal patterns with digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Analyses included inflow\u2010time characterization, cross\u2010correlation with PASL, region\u2010of\u2010interest assessment of arterial, nidus, and venous structures, as well as apparent SNR and contrast\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (CNR) quantification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In healthy volunteers, DynaTOF exhibited predictable parameter\u2010dependent inflow behavior and qualitative agreement with PASL\u2010derived inversion\u2010time dynamics. Apparent arterial SNR and CNR maxima were slice\u2010position dependent, shifting from higher flip angles (20\u00b0\u201330\u00b0) at the slab entrance to lower angles (7\u00b0\u201315\u00b0) distally. In AVM patients, DynaTOF delineated arterial\u2010to\u2010nidus\u2010to\u2010early\u2010venous transitions consistent with DSA, while venous depiction was attenuated for horizontal or curved\u2010flow vessels due to the directional dependence of TOF\u2010based inflow contrast. Short\u2010TR acquisition with deep\u2010learning reconstruction enabled single\u2010slab imaging with a voxel size of 0.5\u2009\u00d7\u20090.7\u2009\u00d7\u20090.8\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      in approximately 1\u2009min, supporting flexible parameter sweeps within routine clinical time constraints.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DynaTOF offers a noninvasive approach for time\u2010resolved characterization of cerebrovascular flow while preserving TOF\u2010like spatial resolution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T20:32:12Z","timestamp":1778531532000},"page":"1134-1147","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>DynaTOF<\/scp>\n                    : Time\u2010Resolved Noncontrast Cerebral\n                    <scp>MR<\/scp>\n                    Angiography Using Spatially Modulated\n                    <scp>RF<\/scp>\n                    Saturation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Naoyuki","family":"Takei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"GE HealthCare  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Center The University of Tokyo Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xucheng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GE HealthCare  Menlo Park California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Center The University of Tokyo Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Miyawaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7722-9861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Motoyuki","family":"Umekawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Koizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Wakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GE HealthCare  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiori","family":"Amemiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1180-2629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osamu","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22789"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26288"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2483071863"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.15150025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25197"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29572"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2463\/mrms.rev.2024\u20100013"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"1035","article-title":"Dynamic Spin Labeling Angiography in Extracranial Carotid Artery Stenosis","volume":"26","author":"Warmuth C.","year":"2005","journal-title":"AJNR. 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