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We aimed to show the signal errors caused by concomitant gradients across a wide range of hardware configurations and propose corrections that can be applied during experimental design and analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Theory and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We derived a compact but accurate expression for concomitant gradients and simulated the associated signal bias across field strengths (0.03\u20107\u2009T) and gradient amplitudes (20\u2010600 mT\/m) for asymmetric Maxwell\u2010compensated diffusion encoding gradient waveforms. Bias was assigned to \u201cconcomitant dephasing\u201d or \u201cconcomitant diffusion weighting.\u201d Concomitant dephasing was reduced by waveform correction that was deployed in the design stage. Concomitant diffusion weighting could be accounted for by using the actual gradient waveform during analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Concomitant dephasing was caused by loss of Maxwell compensation during waveform resampling, with signal errors up to 100%, especially at low\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                      and high\n                      <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Our waveform correction yielded a categorical improvement to signal accuracy, reducing bias to &lt;\u20091% for most systems. However, bias at extreme\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010\n                      <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010combinations remained &gt;\u20091% (e.g.,\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20093\u2009T and\n                      <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u2009600\u2009mT\/m). Concomitant diffusion weighting caused biases above 1% at across all simulated MRI systems.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Concomitant gradients have a relevant impact on signal accuracy, especially at low fields and ultra\u2010strong gradients. Concomitant dephasing must be considered for asymmetric waveforms, but can be largely suppressed by our correction method. Concomitant diffusion weighting is always present, regardless of waveform symmetry, but has a smaller impact and can be accounted for in the analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T04:25:37Z","timestamp":1781238337000},"page":"1178-1191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Concomitant Gradient Effects Across Field Strengths and Gradient Amplitudes: Improved Estimation of Errors and Correction of Concomitant Dephasing and Diffusion Weighting"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7031-305X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktor","family":"Olsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation Physics Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1585-4415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation Physics Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1456-7967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emil","family":"Ljungberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation Physics Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4438-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederik","family":"Testud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens Healthcare AB  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2628-0760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronnie","family":"Wirestam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation Physics Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8540-8424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malwina","family":"Molendowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation Physics Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5251-587X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filip","family":"Szczepankiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation Physics Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"215","volume-title":"Handbook of MRI Pulse Sequences","author":"Bernstein M. 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