{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:58:53Z","timestamp":1790654333799,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EB009070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EB009070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS115929"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS115929"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 NS133531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 NS133531"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019822","name":"Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019822","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To develop a method for statistically significant tumor delineation. Glioblastoma (GBM) remains resistant to current therapeutic strategies and is unequivocally associated with a dismal prognosis. Hyperpolarized\n                      <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                      C MRI (hpMRI) provides unique insights into tissue metabolism, enabling outlining of tumor boundaries. Statistical confidence of this outline may help guide surgical resection, inform therapeutic decisions, and evaluate treatment efficacy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The new method was applied to time\u2010resolved hyperpolarized [1\u2010\n                      <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]pyruvate data from a previous study in a rat glioma model as well as from a new clinical acquisition from a patient with brain cancer. MATLAB R2021a was used for the comprehensive extraction and analysis of metabolite profiles. Time\u2010points corresponding to high pyruvate and lactate signal intensities were combined, smoothed using a two\u2010dimensional (2D) moving average, and analyzed with a sliding window to identify regions statistically distinct from manually segmented normal tissue. The negative predictive value (NPV) and the positive predictive value (PPV) of the detection method were evaluated by comparison with cancer regions delineated using standard radiological criteria.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The new approach enabled glioblastoma delineation with the NPV of 99% and the PPV of 59% in small animals. While in the larger brain of the clinical patient, with bicarbonate taken into account, NPV and PPV obtained 95% and 92% respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combining time\u2010points of high pyruvate and lactate signal intensities increases the statistical power of two\u2010dimensional testing. This promising technique requires further evaluation in a larger patient cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T06:38:01Z","timestamp":1784615881000},"page":"2925-2936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhanced Glioblastoma Detection Through\n                    <scp>\n                      <sup>13<\/sup>\n                      C\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Hyperpolarized\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>\n                    and Two\u2010Dimensional Statistics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Abdallah","family":"Salemdawod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park  Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3879-3881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abubakr","family":"Eldirdiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myounghee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Investigational Drug Service Pharmacy University of Maryland Medical Center  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Ksendzovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of Maryland  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graeme F.","family":"Woodworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park  Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of Maryland  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua C.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan E.","family":"Crone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr J.","family":"Franaszczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miroslaw","family":"Janowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9453-7751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Korzeniewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlw013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.350693.123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdad009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13181574"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019182391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601319103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6937"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A8726"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo11080504"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rycan.210076"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdaf121"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11307\u2010020\u201001574\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1753-6561-4-S2-O24"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nos307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0000000000000793"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.10.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00590"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/197140091302600405"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2015.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14131691"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fradi.2023.1202412"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","volume-title":"The Scientist & Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing","author":"Smith S. W.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2009.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20458"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2022.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174557"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27549"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2019.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29290"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imu.2021.100591"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15092573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70175"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Dynamic Contrast\u2010Enhanced T2*\u2010Weighted MR Imaging of Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesions","volume":"22","author":"Cha S.","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470\u20102045(06)70665\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.1373"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad149"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.12.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg\u20102021\u2010017900"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13139\u2010017\u20100493\u20106"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.70523","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mrm.70523","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mrm.70523","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:43:56Z","timestamp":1790653436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mrm.70523"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mrm.70523"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.70523","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-3194","1522-2594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-3194","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}