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Quality control (QC) for\n                      <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                      C coils employed in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is of paramount importance. This study presents a gradient\u2010recalled echo (GRE) sequence alongside an image\u2010based analysis for SNR estimation and QC of\n                      <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                      C coils.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The proposed GRE sequence (slice selective RF pulse, slice thickness 100\u2009mm, 16 averages, 64 \u00d7\u200964 matrix size, 400 \u00d7\u2009400\u2009mm FOV, 60\u2009Hz\/px BW, 50\u00b0 FA, 80\u2009ms TR, 14\u2009ms TE, cartesian acquisition trajectory) was comprehensively evaluated on four clinical 3\u2009T systems, across three sites and two vendors. Thirteen coils were evaluated, including multiple surface coils (transmit\/receive and receive only) and volume coils for different body parts. The GRE sequence was compared with a previously described chemical shift imaging (CSI) technique for QC of\n                      <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                      C coils. The GRE sequence is widely available and built into all MR systems. In contrast, the CSI sequence is more specialized and is not available for all imaging systems.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A Passing\u2010Bablok regression and a Spearman correlation of 0.78 demonstrated good agreement of the two methods. The GRE approach offers reduced acquisition time and simplified analysis with SNR trends demonstrating reproducible coil performance across all sites and vendors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This standardization aims to strengthen multi\u2010center trials by ensuring data comparability and reliability, advancing the clinical translation of\n                      <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                      C MRS methodologies. The results and analysis pipeline is made publicly available to facilitate implementation and coil comparisons across institutions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:40:29Z","timestamp":1787031629000},"page":"2885-2893","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multi\u2010Vendor and Multi\u2010Site Characterization of\n                    <scp>\n                      <sup>13<\/sup>\n                      C\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Coils for Clinical Studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7952-4610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emil S.","family":"Christensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Clemmensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5512-9870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esben S. S.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, The MR Research Centre Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Birchall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"},{"name":"Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary A.","family":"McLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"},{"name":"Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0317-2911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoffer","family":"Laustsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, The MR Research Centre Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kjaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas L.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rycan.230101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/dir.2015.15009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23741"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.70063"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031939"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019182391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmro.2024.100184"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1733835100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L.Nagel M.Gierse W.Gottwald et al. \u201cParahydrogen\u2010Polarized [1\u201013C] Pyruvate For Reliable and Fast Preclinical Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Imaging\u201d(2023).","DOI":"10.26434\/chemrxiv-2023-78956"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2018.02.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1913841117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2018.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-2564"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","unstructured":"P. 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