{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T05:21:10Z","timestamp":1788153670673,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n To determine human blood longitudinal relaxation time (T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n ) ex vivo at 5\u2009T using modified Look\u2010Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI), and to evaluate its dependence on hematocrit (Hct) and oxygenation (\n Y<\/jats:italic>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A MOLLI 5(3)3 protocol was simulated across T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n values of 1000\u20133000\u2009ms to optimize the sampling interval. Aqueous gadolinium phantoms were scanned using optimized MOLLI and multi\u2010inversion\u2010time recovery spin echo (IR\u2010SE) acquisitions to derive a calibration equation. Arm venous blood from 27 healthy volunteers (mean age: 23.7\u2009\u00b1\u20094.3\u2009years; 10 males) was measured using optimized MOLLI, with three repetitions per sample. Hct and\n Y<\/jats:italic>\n were measured by blood gas analysis, and their relationships with calibrated T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n were evaluated.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The minimum root mean square error (RMSE) was obtained at a MOLLI sampling interval of 2000\u2009ms. In phantoms, MOLLI and IR\u2010SE T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n showed a strong linear relationship: T\n 1,IR\u2010SE<\/jats:sub>\n \u2009=\u20091.185\u2009\u00d7\u2009T\n 1,MOLLI<\/jats:sub>\n \u201093.746 (\n R<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20090.998,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001). In blood, MOLLI showed high repeatability, with an overall repeatability RMSE of 1.80\u2009ms and a mean coefficient of variation of 0.10%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08%. Calibrated blood T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n was 1933.6\u2009\u00b1\u2009114.2\u2009ms, range 1727.0\u20132128.0\u2009ms. Blood 1\/T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n dependence on Hct and\n Y<\/jats:italic>\n : 1\/T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n \u2009=\u20090.447\u20130.193\u2009\u00d7\u2009\n Y<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009+\u20090.447\u2009\u00d7\u2009Hct\u2009+\u20090.150 (\n Y<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009\u00d7\u2009Hct) (\n R<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20090.855,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001), yielding an arterial blood T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n of 1971\u2009ms at\n Y<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.98 and Hct\u2009=\u20090.42.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Optimized and phantom calibrated MOLLI enabled rapid measurement of human ex vivo blood T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n at 5\u2009T. Blood T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n at 5\u2009T was higher than commonly reported adult values at 3\u2009T and varied with both Hct and\n Y<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T04:53:30Z","timestamp":1788152010000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ex Vivo Measurement of Human Blood\n \n T\n 1<\/sub>\n <\/scp>\n at\n 5\u2009T<\/scp>\n : Dependence on Hematocrit and Oxygenation"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Shuwan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Tsinghua University Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxiao","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ne","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lele","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingyu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing Technology and Advanced Medical Instrument, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Tsinghua University Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoxin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Tsinghua University Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonglin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3843-1020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dengrong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Advanced Magnetic Resonance Technologies for Diagnosis and Therapy, School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xihai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9462-7768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zixuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing Technology and Advanced Medical Instrument, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910230106","article-title":"Perfusion Imaging","volume":"23","author":"Detre J. 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