{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:41:27Z","timestamp":1792467687696,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K99\/R00 123229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K99\/R00 123229"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS136369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS136369"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is a vital biomarker of cerebral oxygen metabolism and tissue viability. A novel OEF mapping method, QQ, which combines quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and quantitative blood oxygen level\u2010dependent (qBOLD) (QSM\u2009+\u2009qBOLD\u2009=\u2009QQ), has demonstrated promise in detecting disease\u2010related OEF abnormalities in humans. However, its application in preclinical mouse models remains untested. This study evaluates the feasibility and short\u2010term within\u2010session repeatability of the QQ method to capture physiological changes in the mouse brain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In vivo MRI was performed on five C57BL\/6 mice under four isoflurane anesthesia levels (1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%). OEF maps were reconstructed using the QQ\u2010CCTV algorithm. The relationship between anesthesia depth and OEF was analyzed using linear mixed\u2010effects models. Repeatability was quantified via Bland\u2013Altman plots and the within\u2010subject coefficient of variation (CV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The QQ method generated relatively uniform OEF maps, capturing a significant, dose\u2010dependent decrease in OEF with increasing isoflurane concentrations across the whole brain and targeted ROIs. Within\u2010session repeatability of the QQ method was assessed at each isoflurane level using repeated\u2010measures Bland\u2013Altman analysis and the within\u2010subject CV (9.7%\u201313.8%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This first application of the QQ method in the mouse brain demonstrates its feasibility for spatially resolved OEF quantification and lays the groundwork for future studies investigating oxygen metabolism in animal models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:23:47Z","timestamp":1792466627000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>QQ<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Based Oxygen Extraction Fraction (\n                    <scp>OEF<\/scp>\n                    ) Mapping in Mouse Brain: Initial Experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Quinn","family":"Boyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering The State University of New York at Buffalo  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongkyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology  Ulsan South Korea"},{"name":"Brain Tech Center Korean Brain Research Institute  Daegu South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8186-341X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tian","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering George Washington University  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5380-7674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"HyungJoon","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology  Ulsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0826-5463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junghun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering George Washington University  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf047","article-title":"Variability of Cerebral Blood Volume and Oxygen Extraction: Stages of Cerebral Haemodynamic Impairment Revisited","volume":"125","author":"Derdeyn C. 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