{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T02:46:22Z","timestamp":1773974782399,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Musculoskeletal Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opioids (except for tramadol) have not been shown to be effective in patients with fibromyalgia, but they can increase the risk of adverse drug reactions. The aim was to determine the treatment patterns of a group of patients with fibromyalgia and to identify the factors associated with the use of opioids in Colombia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a cross\u2010sectional study of a group of patients with fibromyalgia from a pain clinic in Colombia. Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological variables were identified. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 559 patients were analysed, 88.6% of whom were women, and the mean age was 53.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.6\u00a0years. A total of 40.6% received nonpharmacological management, and the majority were treated with acetaminophen (96.1%) and pregabalin (62.8%). A total of 69.6% received opioids, the most common of which was hydrocodone (36.3%). The average morphine equivalent milligrammes was 36.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a091.2 (range: 2.3\u2013750\u00a0mg), and 43.8% had intermediate\/high doses. Being male (OR: 3.12; 95% CI: 1.40\u20136.91), having arterial hypertension (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.04\u20132.69), obesity (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.18\u20134.24), degenerative disease of vertebral discs (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.10\u20134.88) and comedication with gabapentinoids (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1,15\u20132.65) were associated with a higher probability of receiving opioids, while patients treated with muscle relaxants had a lower risk of opioid treatment (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.41\u20130.98).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant proportion of patients were treated with opioids, the most common of which was hydrocodone, which goes against the recommendations of clinical practice guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/msc.1670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T05:59:53Z","timestamp":1656482393000},"page":"66-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Treatment patterns in fibromyalgia including the use of opioids"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4245-0101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis F.","family":"Valladales\u2010Restrepo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n Biomedicina Facultad de Medicina Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Aut\u00f3noma de las Am\u00e9ricas  Pereira Colombia"},{"name":"Semillero de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacolog\u00eda Geri\u00e1trica, Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n Biomedicina Facultad de Medicina Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Aut\u00f3noma de las Am\u00e9ricas  Pereira Colombia"},{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacoepidemiolog\u00eda y Farmacovigilancia Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira\u2010Audifarma S.A  Pereira Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda C.","family":"Oyuela\u2010Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semillero de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacolog\u00eda Geri\u00e1trica, Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n Biomedicina Facultad de Medicina Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Aut\u00f3noma de las Am\u00e9ricas  Pereira Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Alzate\u2010Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semillero de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacolog\u00eda Geri\u00e1trica, Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n Biomedicina Facultad de Medicina Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Aut\u00f3noma de las Am\u00e9ricas  Pereira 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Investigaci\u00f3n Biomedicina Facultad de Medicina Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Aut\u00f3noma de las Am\u00e9ricas  Pereira Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juli\u00e1n A.","family":"Su\u00e1rez\u2010Cardona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semillero de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacolog\u00eda Geri\u00e1trica, Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n Biomedicina Facultad de Medicina Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Aut\u00f3noma de las Am\u00e9ricas  Pereira Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio T.","family":"Barroso\u2010Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semillero de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacolog\u00eda Geri\u00e1trica, Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n Biomedicina Facultad de Medicina Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Aut\u00f3noma de las Am\u00e9ricas  Pereira 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