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In muscle samples from control subjects, no specific signal was detected for CD55 or S\u2010protein, and CD59 was present on the sarcolemma of the muscle fibers. In DMD and polymyositis, Western blots demonstrated a 18\u201320 kDa band corresponding to CD59, as well as a signal corresponding to S\u2010protein. Immunocytochemistry showed a colocalization between complement membrane attack complex (MAC), a molecule previously demonstrated in necrotic muscle fibers in DMD and polymyositis, and S\u2010protein in necrotic fibers of DMD and polymyositis. Necrotic muscle fibers were more numerous in muscle biopsies of DMD patients with stronger signals for S\u2010protein in Western blots. These results suggest that S\u2010protein is not able to prevent the full assembly of MAC in necrotic fibers of patients with DMD and polymyositis, but might instead inactivate MAC deposits present inside necrotic fibers or participate in the clearance of MAC\u2010attacked muscle fibers. 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