{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:05:22Z","timestamp":1792782322138,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,4]],"date-time":"2003-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1067904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["NS40008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS40008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cycling exercise attenuates atrophy in hindlimb muscles and causes changes in spinal cord properties after spinal cord injury in rats. We hypothesized that exercising soleus muscle expresses genes that are potentially beneficial to the injured spinal cord. Rats underwent spinal cord injury at T10 and were exercised on a motor\u2010driven bicycle. Soleus muscle and lumbar spinal cord tissue were used for messenger RNA (mRNA) analysis. Gene expression of brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was elevated 11\u2010 and 14\u2010fold, respectively, in soleus muscle after one bout of exercise performed 5 days after spinal cord transection. Also, c\u2010fos and heat shock protein\u201027 (HSP27) mRNA abundance were increased 11\u2010 and 7\u2010fold, respectively. When exercise was started 2 days after the injury, the changes in gene expression were not observed. By contrast, at 2 but not at 5 days after transection, expression of the HSP27 gene was elevated sixfold in the lumbar spinal cord, independent of exercise. Electromyographic activity in soleus muscles was also decreased at 2 days, indicating that the spinal cord was less permissive to exercise at this early time. Long\u2010term exercise for 4 weeks attenuated muscle atrophy equally well in rats started at 2 days or 5 days after injury. We conclude that BDNF and GDNF released from exercising muscle may be involved in exercise\u2010induced plasticity of the spinal cord. Furthermore, the data suggest that the lumbar spinal cord undergoes time\u2010dependent changes that temporarily impede the ability of the muscle to respond to exercise. Muscle Nerve 29: 73\u201381, 2004<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,19]],"date-time":"2003-12-19T05:01:33Z","timestamp":1071810093000},"page":"73-81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Exercise\u2010induced gene expression in soleus muscle is dependent on time after spinal cord injury in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Esther E.","family":"Dupont\u2010Versteegden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Houl\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard 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