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The most common presentations were peripheral neuropathy in 60 (62%) and encephalopathy in 30 (31%). Among the 60 patients with peripheral neuropathy, 40 (67%) had a polyneuropathy and 18 (30%) had mononeuropathies, which included 17 (94%) with meralgia paresthetica and 1 with foot drop. Neurologic emergencies including Wernicke's encephalopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome were also reported. In 18 surgical series reported between 1976 and 2004, 133 of 9996 patients (1.3%) were recognized to have neurologic complications (range: 0.08\u201316%). The only prospective study reported a neurologic complication rate of 4.6%, and a controlled retrospective study identified 16% of patients with peripheral neuropathy. There is evidence to suggest a role for inflammation or an immunologic mechanism in neuropathy after gastric bypass. Micronutrient deficiencies following gastric bypass were evaluated in 957 patients in 8 reports. A total of 236 (25%) had vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> deficiency and 11 (1%) had thiamine deficiency. Routine monitoring of micronutrient levels and prompt recognition of neurological complications can reduce morbidity associated with these procedures. Muscle Nerve, 2006<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,22]],"date-time":"2005-06-22T16:33:32Z","timestamp":1119458012000},"page":"166-176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":185,"title":["Neurologic complications after surgery for obesity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Boyd M.","family":"Koffman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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